典型黑土区侵蚀-沉积对土壤微生物数量空间分布的影响  

Effects of soil erosion and deposition on the spatial distribution of soil microbial quantity in Mollisol area of Northeast China

作　　者：莫帅豪 郑粉莉 冯志珍[1] 易祎 MO Shuai-hao;ZHENG Fen-li;FENG Zhi-zhen;YI Yi(State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau,Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2022年第3期685-693,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：美丽中国生态文明建设科技工程专项(XDA23060502);黑土地保护与利用科技创新工程项目(XDA28000000)资助。

摘　　要：研究土壤微生物群落对土壤侵蚀-沉积的响应可为农业生态系统功能提升提供重要指导。选择黑龙江省典型薄层黑土区宾县宾州河流域为研究区,分析土壤微生物数量的空间分布特征,并结合;Cs示踪方法估算土壤侵蚀模数,进一步分析坡面和流域尺度土壤侵蚀-沉积对土壤微生物数量的影响。结果表明:季节变化对土壤微生物数量的影响非常明显,夏季土壤微生物数量显著高于秋季;其中,土壤细菌数量对季节变化反应最敏感,其在夏季坡面不同部位和流域不同位置较秋季分别增加1.4~2.6倍和1.4~2.2倍。土壤侵蚀强度的空间分布对土壤微生物群落空间分布有重要影响。土壤细菌数量在坡下部沉积区和流域下游轻度侵蚀区所占比例最高,分别为84.4%和85.4%。除土壤真菌数量外,土壤微生物数量、细菌和放线菌数量均与土壤侵蚀模数有显著负向线性关系,相关系数分别为-0.595、-0.554和-0.291。坡面和流域尺度土壤侵蚀-沉积使土壤理化性质产生空间差异,进而对土壤微生物群落数量的空间分布产生影响。Revealing the responses of soil microbial community to soil erosion can provide guidance for agricultural ecosystem management.We investigated the impacts of soil erosion intensity on soil microbial quantity at the Binzhou River Basin,a typical thin layer Mollisol area in Bin County of Heilongjiang Province,using;Cs tracer.The results showed that there were seasonal variations in soil microbial quantity.The abundance of soil microbes in summer was considerably higher than that in autumn.Bacteria was more sensitive to seasonal variation than fungi and actinomycetes,which was increased by 1.4-2.6 times and 1.4-2.2 times in summer compared with autumn in different parts of slope and watershed,respectively.The spatial variation of soil erosion intensity had an important effect on the spatial distribution of soil microbial community.The highest proportion of bacteria was found at lower deposition area of slope(84.4%)and at the lightly eroded area of the downstream(85.4%).The numbers of soil microbes,soil bacteria and actinomycetes were negative linearly correlated with soil erosion modulus,with correlation coefficients of-0.595,-0.554 and-0.291,respectively.Soil erosion and deposition induced spatial differences in soil physical and chemical properties,with consequences on spatial distribution of soil microbial community.

关 键 词：土壤微生物数量 土壤侵蚀-沉积 空间分布 坡面和流域尺度 薄层黑土区 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学] S157.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]