种植黄连和重楼对小型土壤节肢动物群落的影响  

Effects of cultivating Coptis chinensis and Paris polyphylla on soil microarthropod communities

作　　者：侯春雨 魏雪 吴鹏飞 HOU Chun-yu;WEI Xue;WU Peng-fei(Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学青藏高原研究院,成都610041

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2022年第3期813-820,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41971064,U20A2008);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0302);西南民族大学研究生创新项目(CX2020SZ27)资助。

摘　　要：为了掌握中药材种植对土壤动物群落的影响,于2020年7月对成都市彭州境内种植期为3年和5年的黄连和重楼样地的小型土壤节肢动物进行了调查。共分离到小型土壤节肢动物526只,隶属于4纲17目69科98类或属,优势类群为等节跳属、平懒甲螨属、符跳属和副跳属。小型土壤节肢动物群落组成结构在不同中药材样地间差异明显,影响群落组成结构的主要是原等跳属、奥斯甲螨属和表刻螨科。黄连样地小型土壤节肢动物总类群数多于重楼样地,但两者间的小型土壤节肢动物群落平均密度及多样性指数差异均不显著。随种植年限增加,黄连样地小型土壤节肢动物群落密度显著下降,重楼样地的Shannon多样性则显著增加。冗余分析结果表明:土壤碱解氮、pH、全钾、速效钾是影响小型土壤节肢动物群落组成结构的主要因子。研究发现,种植不同中药材对小型土壤节肢动物群落的影响存在差异,建议把黄连和重楼间作以维持土壤动物群落多样性稳定,促进其生态功能正常发挥。In recent years,the area of herbal medicine planting is rapidly increasing.The effects of planting herbal medicines on soil invertebrate communities are still unclear.To reveal the effects of planting different herbal medicines on the soil microarthropod communities,soil microarthropods in two fields of planting Coptis chinensis and Paris polyphylla for 3-year and 5-year,respectively,were investigated in Pengzhou,Chengdu in July 2020.A total of 526 individuals of soil microarthropods were recorded and classified into 4 classes,17 orders,69 families,and 98 genera or taxonomic groups.The communities were dominated by Isotoma,Piatynothrus,Folsomia,and Paranura.The community structure of soil microarthropods differed obviously among the two herbal medicine fields,with the main influencing taxonomic groups of Proisotoma,Ocesobates and Epicridae.The total taxonomic group richness of soil microarthropods were richer in C.chinensis field than P.polyphylla field.There was no significant difference in the abundance and diversity index between the two fields.With the increases of cultivating years,the abundance of soil microarthropods in C.chinensis field declined significantly,and Shannon index increased significantly in P.polyphylla field.The redundancy analysis showed that the community structure of soil microarthropods was mainly affected by soil available N,pH,total K,and available K.It suggested that the effects of cultivating herbal medicines on soil microarthropod communities differed between herbal medicine species.Therefore,we recommended to intercrop C.chinensis and P.polyphylla for maintaining the stability of soil microarthropod diversity and promoting ecosystem function.

关 键 词：中药材种植 土壤动物 群落结构 多样性 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学] S567.239[农业科学—农业基础科学] S567.52