不同品质类型小麦籽粒产量与品质对氮肥运筹和叶面肥的响应  

Effect of nitrogen strategies and foliar fertilizers on yield and quality of different quality type wheat cultivars

作　　者：王君婵[1] 王慧[1] 李曼[1] 吴迪 江伟[1] 程凯[1] 吴旭江[1] 陆成彬[1] WANG Junchan;WANG Hui;LI Man;WU Di;JIANG Wei;CHENG Kai;WU Xujiang;LU Chengbin(Jiangsu Lixiahe Institute of Agricultural Science/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement for Low&Middle Yangtze Valley,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所/农业农村部长江中下游小麦生物学与遗传育种重点实验室/扬州大学江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,江苏扬州225007

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2021年第6期23-28,35,共7页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(32071999);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(20)3009);扬州市科技计划项目(YZ2020033)。

摘　　要：以弱筋小麦扬麦20和强筋小麦扬麦23为试验材料,研究不同氮肥运筹和开花期喷施不同类型叶面肥对剑叶SPAD值、籽粒灌浆、籽粒产量和品质的影响。结果表明:不同处理会影响两品种的产量和品质:同一氮肥运筹下,喷施叶面肥可提高两品种的剑叶SPAD值、籽粒灌浆速率、籽粒千粒重、产量、蛋白质含量和湿面筋含量;氮肥后移(3:1:6)主要提高两品种的花后千粒重、籽粒灌浆速率、蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量,对强筋小麦扬麦23产量影响较大;品种与氮肥运筹互作对剑叶SPAD值、产量、湿面筋含量、硬度影响极显著;在同一氮肥运筹下不同类型叶面肥对不同小麦产量和品质的影响存在差异,扬麦20喷施国光稀施美叶面肥,可显著提高其产量,在氮肥运筹5:1:4下品质更好;强筋小麦宜选用喷施海法·保力柑叶面肥,可显著提高产量和品质。In order to investigate the effects of nitrogen strategies and spraying different types of foliar fertilizers at flowering stage on SPAD,grain filling characteristics,yield and quality,weak-gluten wheat Yangmai 20 and strong-gluten wheat Yangmai 23 were selected for this study.The result indicated that the yield and quality of different cultivars were different under the different treatment.Under the same nitrogen strategies,SPAD of the flag leaf and grain filling rate after flowering,thousand kernel weight(TKW),yield,nitrogen content and wet gluten content of the two varieties were all improved by spraying foliar fertilizers.TKW after flowering,grain filling rate,nitrogen content,wet gluten content of two cultivars and yield of Yangmai 23 were increased by postponing nitrogen application 3:1:6.The SPAD of the flag leaf,yield,wet gluten content and hardness were significantly affected by the interaction between the varieties and the nitrogen strategies.There also existed differences in the effects of different foliar fertilizer on yield and quality of different cultivars.Underthe nitrogen strategies 5:1:4,applying the foliar fertilizer Guoguangxishimei had the best effect on improvement of yield of the weak-gluten,and applying the foliar fertilizer Baoli can significantly improve the quality and yield of strong-gluten wheat.Suitable foliar fertilizer should be selected for wheat varieties with different gluten types.

关 键 词：小麦 氮肥运筹 叶面肥 籽粒灌浆速率 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学]