高山杜鹃低山引种适应性及外源抗热剂对高温胁迫的影响  

Effect of Exogenous Heat-Resistant Agent on Heat Resistance of Rhododendron under High Temperature Stress

作　　者：王浩琪 秦坤蓉[1] 祝浩翔 王婉琳 王海洋[1] WANG Haoqi;QIN Kunrong;ZHU Haoxiang;WANG Wanlin;WANG Haiyang(School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学园艺园林学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《西南大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第4期36-44,共9页Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：重庆市科技兴林攻关类项目(2018-14).

摘　　要：高山杜鹃是生长在高寒地区的野生杜鹃资源,观赏价值极高.在中热胁迫试验基地(海拔900 m)和高热胁迫试验基地(海拔500 m)对4种高山杜鹃进行低山引种栽培及田间抗热剂喷施试验,通过记录低山引种高山杜鹃花期、枝条的生长变化以及不同抗热剂处理下叶绿素荧光参数的变化,研究低山引种对高山杜鹃生活周期的改变,筛选出适宜的抗热剂种类,为高山杜鹃的低山引种提供可能.结果表明:低海拔试验基地引种的高山杜鹃均提前进入花期和叶芽萌动期,花期随海拔的降低呈缩短趋势.所有杜鹃供试植株在不同抗热剂的处理下,均能有效减缓F_(v)/F_(m)值下降,减轻热胁迫对光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)的伤害,说明3种抗热剂的喷施均能够提高高山杜鹃的耐热性.其中,不同规格的马缨杜鹃和露珠杜鹃均以喷施单一抗热剂(1500 mg/L氯化钙)、组合抗热剂(100 mg/L对氨基水杨酸+600 mg/L海藻酸+800 mg/L氯化钙)效果较好;云锦杜鹃以喷施组合抗热剂(100 mg/L对氨基水杨酸+600 mg/L海藻酸+800 mg/L氯化钙)效果最佳;大白杜鹃以喷施单一抗热剂(1500 mg/L氯化钙)效果最佳.Alpine Rhododendron is a wild rhododendron resource growing in alpine area.The experiment of four kinds of heat resistant agents was carried out in the experimental bases located at 900 m and 500 m above sea level.By recording the changes of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Rhododendron dendriformis treated with different heat resistant agents,the most suitable heat resistant agents were selected.The results showed that under high temperature stress at 900 m and 500 m ASL test sites,various types of rhododendron plants treated with different heat-resistant agents could effectively slow down the decrease of F_(v)/F_(m) value,and reduce the damage of heat stress to the photosystemⅡ(PSⅡ),indicating that the spraying of three kinds of heat-resistant agents can improve the heat resistance of rhododendrons.T2 and T3 heat-resistant agents had better effect on R.delavayi and R.irroratum,T3 heat-resistant agent had the best effect on R.fortune and R.decorum.

关 键 词：高山杜鹃 引种 高温胁迫 抗热性 

分 类 号：S688.9[农业科学—观赏园艺]