马克思共产主义思想对异化理论的借重与超越  

Karl Marx’s Emphasis and Transcendence on the Theory of Alienation

作　　者：侯建明 HOU Jian-ming(School of Marxism, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China)

机构地区：[1]烟台大学马克思主义学院,山东烟台264005

出　　处：《烟台大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第2期13-19,共7页Journal of Yantai University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：马克思在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中以异化劳动理论为基石,对共产主义进行经济学和哲学两种逻辑论证,取得了重大成就,但也存在不足之处。从《关于费尔巴哈的提纲》到《德意志意识形态》,马克思开始并完成了由异化劳动理论到唯物史观的飞跃,这使马克思的共产主义思想建立在科学基础之上,从而克服了《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中对共产主义论证的理论缺陷,并在《德意志意识形态》中首次将共产主义视为理论体系、现实运动和理想社会的统一。理论上的相对成熟和现实斗争的迫切需要,使得马克思的共产主义思想内涵不断丰富,并在《共产党宣言》中达到成熟。Based on the theory of“alienated labor”,great achievements have been obtained since Karl Marx’s Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844(hereafter“Manuscripts”)logically demonstrates two aspects of communism in“economics”and“philosophy”.However,some shortcomings cannot be ignored.To clarify this issue,Marx completed the leap from the theory of“alienated labor”to“historical materialism”in Theses on Feuerbach and The German Ideology,making Marx’s thought science-based and eliminating the theoretical flaws of the evidence of communism in the Manuscripts.Meanwhile,in The German Ideology,communism was regarded as the unity of“theoretical system,”“realistic movement,”and“ideal society”for the first time.Moreover,the relative maturity of theory and the urgent need for practical struggle enrich the connotation of Marx’s thought constantly and mature in The Communist Manifesto.

关 键 词：马克思 共产主义 异化理论 唯物史观 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]