基于井中超声波成像的岩溶特征高精度探测和评价  

High precision detection and evaluation of karst features based on borehole ultrasonic imaging

作　　者：贾龙[1,2] 雷明堂 程小杰[1,2] JIA Long;LEI Mingtang;CHENG Xiaojie(Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics,MNR&GZAR/Institute of Karst Geology,CAGS,Guilin 541004,Guangxi,China;Innovation Center of Karst Collapse Prevention Technology,China Geological Survey,Guilin 541004,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部广西壮族自治区岩溶动力学重点实验室/中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所,广西桂林541004 [2]中国地质调查局岩溶塌陷防治技术创新中心,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《地质通报》2022年第2期453-460,共8页Geological Bulletin of China

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目《渝中湘南岩溶塌陷区综合地质调查》(编号:DD20190266);《桂东北岩溶系统基础地质调查》(编号:DD20190022);中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所基本科研业务费项目《岩溶塌陷隐患识别技术方法试验研究》(编号:2020005);《岩溶塌陷大型物理模拟试验模型装置研发》(编号:2021010);政府采购项目《岩溶塌陷隐患快速三维探测识别试验研究》(编号:2019-266)。

摘　　要：复杂的岩溶作用经常制约着人类工程建设。为了避让岩溶不良地质体,如何对岩溶发育特征更准确地探测和评价,是岩溶工程地质勘察面临的难题之一。通过利用钻孔超声波成像技术,高精度刻画钻孔揭露的岩溶现象,并在钻孔线岩溶率的基础上提出“孔壁岩溶率”的概念,将岩溶率的一维空间表达扩展到二维空间,为岩溶区工程建设提供更精细化的基础数据。实例显示,钻孔超声波成像技术可弥补岩溶发育区钻探取心低的不足,能够全断面高分辨展示钻孔孔壁的表面特征,高精度探测岩溶现象。利用钻孔超声波成像技术统计的孔壁岩溶率,不但可以精细化定量分析岩溶发育随深度的变化规律,而且可以统计分析岩层不同方位的岩溶发育特征。Complex karst often restricts human engineering construction.In order to avoid the adverse geological problems related to karst,how to detect and evaluate the karst features more accurately is one of the difficult problems in karst exploration.The borehole ultrasonic imaging technology was utilized to accurately depict the karst phenomenon revealed from borehole,and based on the borehole line karst rate,the concept of‘borehole wall karst rate’was proposed to extend the one-dimensional space expression of karst rate to the two-dimensional space expression,which provided more refined basic data for engineering construction in the karst area.The example shows that the ultrasonic imaging technology could make up for the drilling coring difficulty in karst area,and could display the surface characteristics of borehole wall with high resolution in the whole section,so as to achieve the purpose of detecting karst phenomenon with high precision and evaluating karst characteristics with fine quantitative analysis.The ultrasonic imaging technique to calculate the borehole wall karst rate is not only possible to analyze the variation or stratification of karst development with depth,but also to analyze the characteristics of karst development in different directions of the stratum.

关 键 词：岩溶率 超声波测井 岩溶探测 岩溶发育评价 地质调查工程 

分 类 号：P931.5[天文地球—自然地理学] P631.814