越冬期长白山中华蜜蜂与意大利蜜蜂保护酶系活性及耐寒生理指标的测定  

Measurement of Protective Enzyme Activities and Physiological Indices of the Cold Tolerance in Changbaishan Chinese Honeybee(Apis cerana cerana) and Italian Honeybee(Apis mellifera L.) During the Overwintering Period

作　　者：刘楠楠[1] 李杰銮[1] 常志光[1] LIU Nan-nan;LI Jie-luan;CHANG Zhi-guang(Apiculture Science Institute of Jilin Province,Jilin 132108,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省养蜂科学研究所,吉林吉林132108

出　　处：《特产研究》2022年第2期39-43,共5页Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Research

基　　金：中央引导地方科技发展资金吉林省基础研究专项(202002060JC);吉林省科技发展计划星创天地项目(20200702028NC);吉林省科技资源开放共享服务平台与科研条件保障项目(20191004021TC);吉林省地方标准制修订计划项目(DBXM021-2021)。

摘　　要：本研究以越冬期的长白山中华蜜蜂(Apis cerana cerana)和意大利蜜蜂(Apis mellifera L.)为研究对象,分析和比较两个蜂种在室外自然越冬条件下保护酶系活性以及几种耐寒相关的生理指标的差异,初步探讨长白山中华蜜蜂越冬期耐寒的生理机制。本试验测定了两个蜂种超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)以及总氨基酸、糖原、葡萄糖和甘油的含量。结果表明,在越冬期最寒冷时间段的逆境条件下,长白山中华蜜蜂的保护酶系统可能发挥了重要的防御作用,整体表现优于意大利蜜蜂;长白山中华蜜蜂在各时段体内的总氨基酸、糖原、葡萄糖和甘油含量有明显的波动变化,其中总氨基酸、葡萄糖和甘油含量总体高于意大利蜜蜂,可能是长白山中华蜜蜂越冬期关键的抗冻保护物质。本研究为深入研究长白山中华蜜蜂越冬耐寒的分子机制以及种群抗寒性状的评价提供基础数据。In this study,the activities of the protective enzymes and physiological indexes related to the cold tolerance were analyzed and compared between Changbaishan Chinese honeybee(Apis cerana cerana)and Italian honeybee(Apis mellifera L.)under natural overwintering condition,and the physiological mechanism of the cold tolerance of Apis cerana cerana were explored preliminarily.The protective enzyme activities including SOD,CAT and POD,as well as the content of total amino acid,glycogen,glucose and glycerol in two honeybee species were determined.The result showed that the protective enzymes of Apis cerana cerana might play an important role in defense under the coldest period of overwintering,and its overall performance was better than that of Apis mellifera.The content of the total amino acid,glycogen,glucose and glycerol of Apis cerana cerana fluctuated obviously in the each period,and the content of total amino acids,glucose and glycerol were generally higher than those of Apis mellifera,which might be the key antifreeze protective substances of Apis cerana cerana during the overwintering period.This research could provide basic data for the further study on the molecular mechanism of overwintering cold tolerance of Apis cerana cerana and evaluation of its cold resistance traits.

关 键 词：长白山中华蜜蜂 意大利蜜蜂 越冬 保护酶系 耐寒生理指标 

分 类 号：S891.4[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]