西洋参果肉、果梗及籽中皂苷类成分分析  

Analysis of Saponins in the Berry,Stem and Seed of American Ginseng

作　　者：李乐 余慧 付书正 王翠竹[1] 李平亚[1,2] 刘金平[1,2] 刘云鹤 LI Le;YU Hui;FU Shu-zheng;WANG Cui-zhu;LI Ping-ya;LIU Jin-ping;LIU Yun-he(School of Pharmacy,Jilin University,Changchun 130021,China;Natural Medicine Research Center of Jilin University,Changchun 130021,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学药学院,吉林长春130021 [2]吉林大学天然药物研究中心,吉林长春130021

出　　处：《特产研究》2022年第2期102-107,共6页Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Research

基　　金：创新人才推进计划中青年科技领军人才及重点领域创新团队(20200301002RQ);吉林大学研究生创新基金资助项目(101832020CX316)。

摘　　要：本文测定新鲜西洋参果肉、果梗及籽中的总皂苷和单体皂苷含量,丰富西洋参果化学成分研究。取新鲜西洋参果,人工剥离果肉、果梗和籽3个部位,采用紫外-可见分光光度法(UV-Vis)测定总皂苷含量,建立同时测定11种单体皂苷含量的高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测(HPLC-ELSD)法,并对3个部位中单体皂苷进行测定。总皂苷含量测定结果表明,果肉中总皂苷含量(4.03%)最高,而果梗和籽中总皂甘的含量(0.26%和0.36%)则较低,所建立的HPLC-ELSD法线性关系良好(r> 0.9997),精密度、重现性和准确度的RSD值均小于3%,可用于11种单体皂苷的含量测定;单体皂苷测定结果表明,3个部位中皂苷种类相似,但含量存在差异:果肉中含有较多的人参皂苷Rb;(0.98%)、Rg;(0.60%)和PF;(0.45%),果梗中则含有较多的人参皂苷Re(0.04%)、(20R)-Rg;(0.04%)和Rb3(0.03%),而籽中含有较多的人参皂昔Rb;(0.10%)、PF;(0.04%)和Rb;(0.03%)。鲜西洋参果肉、果梗及籽中含有较丰富的人参皂苷Rb;、Rg;、PF;、(20R)-Rg;、Re和Rb;等;鲜西洋参果肉中人参皂苷含量高于果梗和籽;由于西洋参籽常用于栽培,故果肉和果梗也可作为人参皂苷的新来源。This manuscript determined the contents of total saponins and monomer saponins in fresh American ginseng berry,stem and seed,and enriched the study of chemical composition of fresh American ginseng berry.Firstly,taking fresh American ginseng berry,manually peeling off the 3 parts of the berry,stem and seed,the content of total saponins was determined using the ultra violet-visible spectrophotometry(UV-Vis) method.Then,a high-performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scatterina detection(HPLC-ELSD) method was established to simultaneously determine the contents of 11 monomeric saponins in the 3 parts.The determination result of the total saponins content showed that the content of total saponins in berry(4.03%) was the highest,while the contents in stem and seed(0.26% and 0.36%)were lower;The established HPLC-ELSD method had a good linear relationship(r> 0.999 7),the precision,reproducibility,and accuracy of the RSD values were all less than 3%,which could be used for the determination of the contents of 11 kinds of monomer saponins;The measurement results of monomeric saponins showed that the types of saponins were similar,but the contents were different:the berry contained more ginsenoside Rb;(0.98%),Rg;(0.60%) and PF;(0.45%),while the stem contained more ginsenoside Re(0.04%),(20 R)-Rg;(0.04%) and Rb;(0.03%),and the seed contained more ginsenosides Rb;(0.10%),PF;(0.04%) and Rb;(0.03%) Fiesh.American ginseng berry,stem and seed were rich in ginsenosides Rb;,Rg;,PF;,(20 R)-Rg;,Re and Rb;,etc.;the content of saponins in American ginseng berry was higher than that of stem and seed;The seed were commonly used for cultivation,the berry and stem could also be used as a new source of saponins.

关 键 词：西洋参 人参皂苷 UV-VIS HPLC-ELSD 含量测定 

分 类 号：S567.53[农业科学—中草药栽培]