深水碳酸盐岩沉积体系与储层发育控制因素--以中东H油田白垩系Khasib组为例  

Sedimentary system and controlling factors of reservoir development of deep-water carbonate rocks:a case study of Cretaceous Khasib Formation of H Oilfield in the Middle East

作　　者：张杰[1,2] 乔占峰 王友净[3] 王鼐[3] 吕洲 ZHANG Jie;QIAO Zhanfeng;WANG Youjing;WANG Nai;LüZhou

机构地区：[1]中国石油杭州地质研究院 [2]中国石油集团碳酸盐岩储层重点实验室 [3]中国石油勘探开发研究院

出　　处：《海相油气地质》2022年第1期1-10,共10页Marine Origin Petroleum Geology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项下属课题“寒武系-中新元古界碳酸盐岩规模储层形成与分布研究”(编号:2016ZX05004-002);中国石油“十四五”前瞻性基础性重大科技项目“海外重点领域油气勘探关键技术研究”(编号:2021DJ3104)资助

摘　　要：深水碳酸盐岩是有利的油气储集岩,中东地区上白垩统Khasib组缓坡型深水碳酸盐岩是重要的产油层系。伊拉克H油田Khasib组储层非均质性较强,储层发育特征及控制因素、油气分布规律不清,制约了选区评价及勘探部署。在区域地质调研的基础上,基于岩心、薄片和测井资料,对H油田Khasib组岩相、沉积微相和沉积模式、储层发育控制因素进行了研究,取得了以下认识:①研究区发育生物碎屑颗粒灰岩、生物碎屑泥粒灰岩、含生物碎屑粒泥灰岩、泥晶灰岩和灰质泥岩5种岩石类型;②研究区中缓坡相海侵体系域发育3类碳酸盐岩沉积微相(生物碎屑滩、滩翼、缓坡灰泥)和1类碳酸盐岩重力流沉积;③Khasib组KA1-2小层和KB段储层的生物扰动较发育,渗透率与骨屑颗粒含量呈正相关,储层主要受沉积微相、生物扰动和准同生溶蚀作用控制。明确了研究区6个小层的沉积微相演化规律,建立了伊拉克地区从西到东的滨岸—内缓坡—中缓坡—外缓坡的缓坡型碳酸盐沉积模式,研究成果对于深水碳酸盐岩储层分布预测具有借鉴和参考意义。The ramp deep-water carbonate rocks of the Upper Cretaceous Khasib Formation in the Middle East are important oil producing strata.The Khasib Formation of H Oilfield in Iraq is divided into two sections of KB and KA and six layers of KB-3,KB-2,KB-1,KA2,KA1-2 and KA1-1 from bottom to top.The reservoir of Khasib Formation is developed in KA1-2 layer and KB section.The reservoir heterogeneity of Khasib Formation is strong,and the reservoir development characteristics,control factors and oil-gas distribution law are unclear,which restricts the next evaluation and exploration.On the basis of regional geological investigation,based on core,petrographic thin section and logging data,the lithofacies,sedimentary model,sedimentary microfacies and control factors of reservoir development of Khasib Formation in H Oilfield are studied,and the following understandings are obtained:(1)Five rock types are developed in the study area,including bioclastic grainstone,bioclastic packstone,bioclastic wackestone,micrite limestone and calcareous mudstone.Bioclastic grainstone and bioclastic packstone are mainly developed in KA1-2 and KB,bioclastic wackestone and micritic limestone are mainly developed in KA1-1 and KA2,and calcareous mudstone is developed at the bottom of KA2.(2)Three types of non-gravity carbonate microfacies(bioclastic shoal,shoal flank and ramp mud)and one type of gravity carbonate microfacies are developed in the transgressive system tract of middle ramp in the study area.KB and KA1-2 mainly develop bioclastic shoal,shoal flank and ramp mud,KA2 and KA1-1 mainly develop ramp mud,and calcareous mudstone deposited by gravity flow is developed at the bottom of KA2.(3)There developed bioturbation including Teichichnus,Paleophycus,Chondrites,Thalassinoides and Planolites in KA1-2 and KB reservoir sections,which make the carbonate rocks more heterogeneous.The permeability is positively correlated with the skeletal grain content.The reservoir is mainly controlled by sedimentary microfacies,bioturbation and penecontemperaneo

关 键 词：深水碳酸盐岩 中缓坡 沉积微相 沉积模式 Khasib组 中东 

分 类 号：TE122.2[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]