社区居家老年人养老意愿及健康照护需求的调查分析  

Investigation and analysis of the elderly's willingness to provide for the aged and their demand for health care

作　　者：王芳 崔妙玲[2] 蒋云[2] 张小芳 谭桂蓉 WANG Fang;CUI Miao-ling;JIANG Yun;ZHANG Xiao-fang;TAN Gui-rong(Department of Nursing,Laibin People's Hospital,Laibin City,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,546199,China;Department of Nursing,the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,Nanning City,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,530021,China)

机构地区：[1]广西来宾市人民医院护理部,广西来宾546199 [2]广西医科大学第一附属医院护理部,广西南宁530021

出　　处：《蛇志》2022年第1期68-72,共5页Journal of Snake

基　　金：广西壮族自治区卫生和计划生育委员会自筹经费科研项目(项目名称:广西老年人健康照护服务需求及影响因素研究,项目编号:Z20180913)。

摘　　要：目的调查分析广西桂林某社区居家老年人的养老意愿及健康照护需求。方法采用便利抽样的方法选取广西桂林市某社区的居家老年人366名,采用西部护理联盟老年人健康照护需求研究调查组设计的老年人健康照护需求调查问卷进行调查,了解居家老年人健康照护需求及养老意愿。结果健康照护需求排前三位的分别为安全需求(1.61±0.45)分、健康教育需求(1.54±0.57)分、尊重及自我发展(1.13±0.64)分。居家养老是老年人首选的养老方式,占比65.80%。选择居家养老、社区养老、机构养老的原因分别为能及时得到子女照顾,可以和家人共享天伦之乐;离家近,方便;子女无暇照顾,机构有专门人员照顾、生活方便。结论居家养老是老年人首选的养老方式,居家老年人对安全、健康教育、尊重及自我发展存在较高需求。但目前居家健康照护服务不能满足老年人的需求,提出提供以需求为导向的养老服务、加强居家老年人的安全管理、多渠道开展老年人健康教育、提供人文关怀服务、提升社区护理人员的专业能力等对策方案。Objective To investigate and analyze the willingness to provide for the aged and health care needs of the elderly in a community of Guilin,Guangxi.Methods The convenience sampling method was used to select 366 home-based elderly people from L community in Guilin,Guangxi.The questionnaire on health care needs of the elderly designed by the health care needs research team of the Western Nursing Alliance was used to investigate the health care needs of the elderly and their willingness to support the elderly.Results The top three health care needs were safety needs(1.61±0.45)points,health education needs(1.54±0.57)points,respect and self-development needs(1.13±0.64)points.The reasons for choosing home care,community care and institution care are:to be taken care of by their children in time,and to share the happiness of family members;close to home,convenient;children too busy to take care of,the institution has specialized personnel to take care of,convenient life.Conclusion Home care is the preferred way for the elderly.The elderly at home have high needs for safety,health education,respect and self-development,but at present home health care services cannot meet the needs of the elderly.Countermeasures were proposed to provide demand-oriented elderly care services,strengthen the safety management of the elderly at home,carry out health education for the elderly through multiple channels,provide humanistic care services,and improve the professional ability of community nursing staff.

关 键 词：老年人 健康照护需求 养老意愿 居家护理 

分 类 号：R212.7[医药卫生—中医学] R473.2