清代伊犁索伦营述要  

Review of the Solun Battalion of Ili in the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：吴元丰[1] Wu Yuanfeng(The Fist Historical Archives of China)

机构地区：[1]中国第一历史档案馆,北京100031

出　　处：《清史研究》2022年第2期58-68,共11页The Qing History Journal

摘　　要：清朝统一新疆后,为了加强西北防务和巩固统一,在天山北部地区设置驻防八旗,建立起完备的防务体系。伊犁索伦营作为新疆驻防八旗的组成部分,其构成是多元的,由鄂温克族、达斡尔族、锡伯族兵丁组成,在军政合一的八旗组织下,和睦相处,共同生活,担负着戍边屯垦的使命,对巩固新疆的统一,保持当地社会的稳定,加强西北边界的防务,以及发展当地农牧业生产,都发挥了积极作用。本文依据满文档案,并参考相关汉文文献,就索伦营的设置背景、兵丁来源、建制沿革、生计维系、驻防任务五个方面作一论述。After the Qing Dynasty integrated Xinjiang into the empire,the eight banners garrison was set up in the northern Tianshan Mountain and an adequate military system was established to strengthen the defense of Northwest China and to consolidate the unification of the territory.As one component of the garrison of eight banners in Xinjiang,the composition of the Ili Solun Battalion was diverse and it included the soldiers of Daur,Ewenki and Sibo.Under combined military and political administration of the eight banners system,the soldiers lived together and got along with each other.Border garrison and wasteland reclamation were their missions.The Solun Battalion played a positive role in consolidating the unity of Xinjiang,maintaining local social stability,strengthening the defense of Northwest border and developing agriculture and animal husbandry.Based on Manchu archives and relevant Chinese documents,this article address five issues,including the context of the establishment of the Solun Battalion,the source of the soldiers,the organizational system and history,the livelihood of the troops,and the mission of the garrison.

关 键 词：驻防八旗 索伦营 伊犁 鄂温克族 达斡尔族 锡伯族 

分 类 号：K249.3[历史地理—历史学]