基于代理模型的三维梯形流道质子交换膜燃料电池结构优化设计  

Optimal Design of Three-dimensional Trapezoidal Flow Channel Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Structure Based on Surrogate Model

作　　者：夏雷 于泽庭[1] 许国平 纪少波[1] XIA Lei;YU Zeting;XU Guoping;JI Shaobo(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Shandong University,Jinan 250061,Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学能源与动力工程学院,山东省济南市250061

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2022年第6期2238-2247,共10页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61733010);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2019MEE045)。

摘　　要：为了优化梯形直流道质子交换膜燃料电池(proton exchange membrane fuel cell,PEMFC)的性能,以梯形流道的上/下底宽为设计变量,建立一个三维,多相的梯形直流道PEMFC模型。以矩形直流道质子交换膜燃料电池为基础模型,用于对比分析。以净输出功率为目标函数,应用克里金(Kriging)代理模型完整预测分析域和形成响应面,发现用Kriging代理模型构建的响应面函数精度较高。最后,通过遗传算法得到一个宽矮型的最优梯形流道结构。研究显示梯形流道下底宽对净输出功率的影响较大,增加流道的下底宽度可以促进氧气向下扩散,从而提高电流密度。当电压为0.5V时,和基础模型相比,最优模型的净输出功率提升20.90%。研究还发现在阴极侧,流道下方氧气的摩尔浓度比脊下方的浓度高,沿着反应物的流动方向氧气摩尔浓度逐渐下降。沿着反应物流动方向和垂直方向,最优模型的氧气浓度梯度低于基础模型,最优模型的氧气分布更加均匀。在阴极扩散层及催化层内,最优模型的氧气平均摩尔浓度高于基础模型。In order to optimize the performance of the trapezoidal flow channel proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC),this study used the topline/baseline bottom width of the trapezoidal flow channel as design variables to establish a three-dimensional multiphase trapezoidal flow channel PEMFC model.The PEMFC with rectangular straight channel was used as the basic model for comparative analysis.Taking the net power output as the objective function,the Kriging surrogate model was used to completely predict the analysis domain and form the response surface,the results showed that the response surface function constructed by the Kriging surrogate model had high accuracy.Finally,a wide and short optimal trapezoidal flow channel structure was obtained by genetic algorithm.It is found that the baseline width of the trapezoidal flow channel has a greater impact on the net power output.The increase of the baseline width can promote the downward diffusion of oxygen and increase the current density.When the voltage was 0.5 V,compared with the basic model,the net power output of the optimal model increased by 20.90%.It is also found that on the cathode side,the molar concentration of oxygen under the flow channel is higher than that under the land,and the molar concentration of oxygen gradually decreases along the flow direction of the reactants.Along the reactant flow direction and the vertical direction,the oxygen concentration gradient of the optimal model is lower than that of the basic model,and the oxygen distribution of the optimal model is more uniform.In the cathode diffusion layer and catalyst layer,the average molar concentration of oxygen in the optimal model is higher than that in the basic model.

关 键 词：质子交换膜燃料电池 数值模拟 优化设计 克里金代理模型 遗传算法 

分 类 号：TM61[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]