压印模具表面织构电火花成形工艺参数的分析  

Analysis of EDM process parameters on imprint mould surface texture

作　　者：梁怀南 刘志奇[1] 陈东良 宋建丽[2] 林乃明[3] Liang Huainan;Liu Zhiqi;Chen Dongliang;Song Jianli;Lin Naiming(School of Mechanical Engineering,Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,Taiyuan Shanxi 030024,China;School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering,Beijing Information Science and Technology University,Beijing 100192,China;Institute of New Carbon Materials,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan Shanxi 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原科技大学机械工程学院,山西太原030024 [2]北京信息科技大学仪器科学与光电工程学院,北京100192 [3]太原理工大学新型碳材料研究所,山西太原030024

出　　处：《金属热处理》2022年第3期20-27,共8页Heat Treatment of Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51975396);山西省留学回国人员科技活动择优项目(20200023);山西省应用基础研究计划(201901D111063);山西省高等学校科技成果转化培育项目(2020CG020);山西省回国留学人员科研项目(2021-138)。

摘　　要：在石墨电极表面制备了直径分别为Φ100、Φ200和Φ300μm且具有规则形貌的圆形微凹坑阵列,并使用该电极在45钢表面利用电火花成形工艺(Electrical discharge machining,EDM)制备出微凸起阵列压印模具,研究了加工电流对其表面性能的影响。采用超景深显微镜和扫描电镜对经电火花加工处理后的石墨电极和45钢试样的表面形貌进行了分析,同时采用洛氏硬度计、粗糙度测试仪和精度为0.01 mg的电子天平秤等设备对45钢表面微凸起阵列进行了检测,并讨论了加工电流对45钢的材料去除率(Material removal rate,MRR)和石墨电极的电极耗损率(Electrode wear rate,EWR)之间的影响规律。结果表明,电火花反刻原理可以在45钢表面形成尺寸相对应的微凸起阵列形貌,并得到较高的表面显微硬度和表面粗糙度值,随着电火花加工电流的增大而增大,其中,Φ200μm微凸起试样得到了最大显微硬度,为34 HRC,同时,Φ300μm微凸起试样得到了最大表面粗糙度值12.56μm。此外,当试样微凹坑或微凸起直径一定时,随着加工电流的增大,MRR和EWR值也会随之增大。Circular micropit arrays with diameters of Φ100,Φ200 and Φ300μm and regular morphologies were prepared on the surface of graphite electrodes,the electrode was used to fabricate a micro bulge array imprint mold on the surface of 45 steel by electrical discharge machining(EDM).Effect of processing current on its surface properties was investigated.The surface morphologies of graphite electrodes and the 45 steel specimens treated by EDM were analyzed by means of ultra-depth of field microscope and scanning electron microscope.At the same time,Rockwell hardness tester,roughness tester and electronic balance scale with an accuracy of 0.01 mg were used to detect the micro bulge array on the surface of the 45 steel.Effect of processing current on material removal rate(MRR)of the 45 steel and the electrode wear rate(EWR)of graphite electrode was discussed.The results show that,the micro bulge array with corresponding size is successfully formed on the surface of the 45 steel by the principle of EDM reverse etching,and the higher surface microhardness and surface roughness values are obtained,which increase with the increase of EDM current,among them,the specimen with Φ200μm micro-bulge obtains a maximum microhardness of 34 HRC,and the specimen with Φ300μm micro-bulge obtains a maximum surface roughness of 12.56μm.In addition,when the diameter of the micro-pits or micro-bulges on the specimens is constant,the MRR and EWR values also increase with the increase of processing current.

关 键 词：电火花成形 激光加工 45钢 石墨电极 微凹坑 微凸起 

分 类 号：TG661[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]