黍子矮秆突变体‘87’表型及对赤霉素敏感性分析  

Phenotypic variations and GA sensitivity analysis of broomcorn millet dwarf mutant‘87’

作　　者：郭英杰 刘晓婕 张帅 刘洋 张萍[2] 许晨晨 朱学海 GUO YingJie;LIU XiaoJie;ZHANG Shuai;LIU Yang;ZHANG Ping;XU Chenchen;ZHU Xuehai(Institute of Broomcorn Millet,Zhangjiakou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhangjiakou 075032,China;College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]张家口市农业科学院黍子研究所,河北张家口075032 [2]中国农业大学农学院,北京100193

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2022年第3期26-32,共7页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家产业技术体系项目(CARS-06-13.5-B6-1);河北省科技厅项目(21326339D);河北省高层次人才资助项目(A201903020);张家口市科技局项目(1911016C-3)。

摘　　要：为探究黍子突变体株高、节间和穗部等表型差异及对外源赤霉素的敏感性,以野生型‘260’及其EMS诱变获得的矮秆突变体‘87’为试验材料,对其农艺性状、茎秆细胞学、内源激素含量及喷施外源赤霉素后的表型进行分析。结果显示:与野生型‘260’相比,矮秆突变体‘87’成熟期株高、穗长和千粒重分别下降53.3%、31.8%和1.7%;茎粗和分蘖数分别增加14.1%和113.3%。突变体株高的下降与节间数无关,主要由中下部节间长度缩短造成。经细胞学观察,矮秆突变体茎秆缩短主要是由主茎茎节纵向细胞尺寸减小所致,茎粗增加是由横向细胞数目增加造成的。喷施外源GA_(3)后,植株高度变化与喷施清水基本一致,成熟期矮杆突变体‘87’内源GA_(1)+GA_(3)含量显著高于野生型‘260’,可见矮秆突变体‘87’为GA不敏感性突变体,导致植株矮化并增强了抗倒伏性能,可作为黍子矮化育种的新种质。In order to analysis the plant height,internodes,and ears of broomcorn millet dwarf mutants and analyze their sensitivity to exogenous gibberellin,the wild-type‘260’and the dwarf mutant‘87’obtained by EMS mutagenesis were used as experimental materials.Their agronomic characteristics were investigated,the stalk cytology was observed and the endogenous hormone content were determined,and their phenotypic differences were also recorded after spraying the exogenous gibberellin.The results showed that:Compared with the wild-type‘260’,the plant height,ear length and 1000-seed weight of the dwarf mutant‘87’at the mature stage decreased by 53.3%,31.8% and 1.7%,respectively;The stem thickness and tiller number increased by 14.1%and 113.3%,respectively.The decrease in plant height was not related to the number of internodes,and was mainly caused by the shortening of internode length.The lower part of the stalk showed a greater effect of stalk reduction.According to the cytological observation,the shortening of the stalk of the dwarf mutant was mainly caused by the reduction of the longitudinal cell size of the main stem node,and the increase in the thickness of the stem was caused by the increase in the number of horizontal cells.After spraying exogenous GA_(3),the plant height changes were basically the same as spraying clean water.At the mature stage,the content of endogenous hormones GA_(1)+GA_(3) in the dwarf mutant‘87’was significantly higher than those of wild-type‘260’.In conclusion,the dwarf mutant‘87’is a GA-insensitive mutant.The the dwarf mutant‘87’can be used as a new germplasm for dwarf breeding of broomcorn millet.

关 键 词：黍子 EMS诱变 矮秆突变体 表型 赤霉素敏感性 

分 类 号：S516[农业科学—作物学]