蒙古马(斑点)胎儿期黑白毛色区域皮肤组织相关基因表达分析  

Expression of related genes in fetal black and white area skin of Mongolian spotted horse

作　　者：白东义[1] 拉希玛 图格琴 赵若阳 陶娜拉 韩海格 丁文淇 贾紫洁 刘慧莹 王文兴 黄博光 芒来[1] BAI Dongyi;Laxima;Tugeqin;ZHAO Ruoyang;TAO Nala;HAN Haige;DING Wenqi;JIA Zijie;LIU Huiying;WANG Wenxing;HUANG Boguang;Manglai(College of Animal Science/Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction/Scientific Observing andExperimental Station of Equine Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and RuralAffairs/Equine Research Center,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Inner Mongolia Zhong yun Horse Industry Group,Xilinhot 026000,China;Ximeng Xianghuangqi Agriculture,Animal Husbandry and Science and Technology Bureau,Xianghuangqi 013250,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院/内蒙古自治区马属动物遗传育种与繁殖重点实验室/农业农村部马属动物遗传育种与繁殖科学观测实验站/内蒙古农业大学马属动物研究中心,呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古中蕴马产业集团,锡林浩特026000 [3]锡盟镶黄旗农牧和科技局,013250

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2022年第3期96-105,共10页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31960657、31961143025);内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(ZD20190039)、内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2019MS03064);内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院标志性成果专项资金项目(BZCG202115)。

摘　　要：为确定相关候选基因在毛色产生过程中的差异,以及相互之间的关系,试图解析胎儿期蒙古马毛色形成的分子机制,为今后保护和开发利用蒙古马(斑点)奠定基础,本研究以蒙古马(斑点)胎儿为研究对象,首先对胎儿期蒙古马体躯白色和黑色区域皮肤组织制作石蜡切片,进行组织学观察,其次对胎儿期蒙古马白色和黑色区域皮肤进行RNA-seq,构建mRNA表达谱,筛选相关差异表达基因,进行GO和KEGG功能富集分析。结果表明:1)通过组织学观察,黑色素在胎儿黑色皮肤组织表皮里沉积很明显,毛乳头、毛母质部位均有黑色素沉积。相反,白色皮肤组织中没有黑色素沉淀;2)RNA-seq筛选毛色产生差异的相关基因,共鉴定出660个基因,其表达量在黑白2个不同颜色皮肤组织中存在显著差异(P<0.05),其中197个基因在蒙古马胎儿黑色皮肤组织表达量较高,59个基因在蒙古马胎儿白色皮肤组织表达量较高。差异表达基因TYR、TYRP1、DCT、PAX3和DAPL1等富集到了黑色素生成通路。综上,胎儿时期蒙古马的毛色形成主要由黑色素形成相关基因决定,可为后期蒙古斑点马选育环节中对毛色的筛选提供科学理论依据。In order to determine the role of related candidate genes in the process of hair color making a difference and the relationship between them,the molecular mechanism of Mongolian horse hair color formation in fetal period was analyzed,for laying the foundation for the future protection,development and utilization of Mongolian horse(spotted).In this study,Mongolian horse(spotted)fetuses were taken as the research object.Firstly,paraffin sections of skin tissue in white and black areas of Mongolian horse body during fetal period were made and histological observations were carried out.Secondly,RNA-seq was performed on the white and black skin of fetal Mongolian horses to construct mRNA expression profile,screen-related differentially expressed genes,and perform GO and KEGG functional enrichment analysis.The results showed that 1)Through histological observation,melanin deposition was obvious in the epidermis of fetal black skin tissue,and melanin deposition was found in the nipple and hair matrix.Instead,there was no melanin deposition in white skin tissue.2)RNA-seq was used to screen the related genes related to the difference in hair color.A total of 660 genes were identified,and there were significant differences in the expression of black and white skin tissues(P<0.05).Among them,197 genes were highly expressed in black skin tissues of Mongolian horse fetus,and 59 genes were highly expressed in white skin tissues of Mongolian horse fetus.The differentially expressed genes such as TYR,TYRP1,DCT,PAX3 and DAPL1 were enriched in melanin production pathway.In summary,the hair color formation of Mongolian horse during fetal period is mainly determined by genes related to melanin formation.It provides a scientific theoretical basis for the selection of hair color in the breeding of Mongolian spotted horses.

关 键 词：蒙古马(斑点) 胎儿 皮肤组织 差异表达mRNA 

分 类 号：S821.3[农业科学—畜牧学]