水稻机械化生产技术产教协同推广模式的构建与应用  

Construction and application of cooperative extension mode of rice mechanization production technology

作　　者：雷小龙 陈勇[2] 王金华[3] 周虹[3] 邓飞[2] 周伟[2] 陶有凤[2] 胡剑锋[2] 陶诗顺[4] 任万军[2] LEI Xiaolong;CHEN Yong;WANG Jinhua;ZHOU Hong;DENG Fei;ZHOU Wei;TAO Youfeng;HU Jianfeng;TAO Shishun;REN Wanjun(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Sichuan Agricultural University,Ya'an 625014,China;Crop Ecophysiology and Cultivation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Sichuan Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Chengdu 610041,China;College of Life Science and Engineering,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学机电学院,四川雅安625014 [2]四川农业大学作物生理生态及栽培四川省重点实验室,成都611130 [3]四川省农业技术推广总站,成都610041 [4]西南科技大学生命科学与工程学院,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2022年第3期202-210,共9页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0301204);农业农村部农业重大技术协同推广计划试点项目。

摘　　要：针对水稻机械化生产技术推广时效性偏差和多元推广主体联系不紧密,导致水稻机插秧技术供给与需求不平衡的问题,以机插秧技术研发、推广和应用为基础,构建"一站两主体三中心四协同"的水稻机械化生产技术产教协同推广模式。结果表明:水稻机械化生产技术产教协同推广模式统筹技术、资金、人才和利益等因素,缩短了技术研发、传输和应用的时间,提高了机插秧技术推广的时效性。科研单位、推广系统和新型农业经营主体协作构建交错式推广网络,形成2项四川省和农业农村部农业主推技术和1项地方标准,培育了一批农技研发人员、推广工作者和职业农民。2018—2020年核心示范片产量较2017年提高21.25%~34.39%,增收6316.50~7042.25元/hm^(2);辐射示范带产量8920~9350kg/hm^(2),增收4871.44~4968.20元/hm^(2)。该推广模式实现了机插秧技术供给方与需求方之间的平衡,可为农业技术推广模式应用提供参考。Aiming at the problem that the supply and demand of rice mechanization transplanting technology were not balanced due to the time-effective deviation and the lack of linkage between multiple extension subjects,a cooperative extension model of rice mechanized transplanting technology with one station,two main bodies,three centers and four coordinations was constructed based on the research of mechanized rice transplanting technology.The results showed that:The coordinated technology,funds,talents and benefits in the cooperative propagation model shortened the time for research,transmission and application,and improved the time-effectiveness of extension of mechanized transplanting technology.The researchers,extension system and new types of agricultural businesses built a crisscrossing extension network,which resulted in the formation of two main agricultural extension technologies and a local standard,and cultivated a number of researchers,extension members and professional farmers in agricultural technology field.The yield of core demonstration fields from 2018 to 2020 was increased by 21.25% to 34.39% compared with 2017,and the income increased by 6316.50-7042.25 Yuan/hm^(2).The yield of the demonstration zone was 8920-9350 kg/hm^(2),which increased the income by 4871.44 to 4968.20 Yuan/hm^(2).In conclusion,the extension mode can balance the supply and demand of mechanized transplanting technology.The study provides reference for the application of agricultural technology extension mode.

关 键 词：水稻 机械化生产技术 机插秧 协同推广模式 供需平衡 

分 类 号：F323.3[经济管理—产业经济]