草菇菌渣用作双孢蘑菇栽培基料的试验  

Experiment of Using Volvariella volvacea Chaff as Base Material for Agaricus bisporus Cultivation

作　　者：吕军 李慧 曹修才 LYU Jun;LI Hui;CAO Xiu-cai(Liaocheng Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Liaocheng 252000.China)

机构地区：[1]聊城市农业科学院,山东聊城252000

出　　处：《中国食用菌》2022年第2期24-29,共6页Edible Fungi of China

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划项目公益类(2019GNC106083);山东省现代农业产业技术体系食用菌产业创新团队(SDAIT-07-06)。

摘　　要：基于草菇和双孢蘑菇对营养成分的不同需求,用草菇菌渣培养料栽培双孢蘑菇,研究了常规培养料与草菇菌渣培养料不同比例配方和草菇菌渣培养料不同制备方法对双孢蘑菇菌丝和子实体生长的影响。试验结果表明,采用适合的配方(玉米芯45%、杏鲍菇菌渣30%、牛粪20%、石灰5%)栽培草菇,具有稳定性好、养分充足等优点,可在保证草菇产量的情况下,实现草菇菌渣栽培的双孢蘑菇高产优质和草菇-双孢蘑菇周年轮作。各配方中以培养料中添加35%草菇菌渣的培养料栽培双孢蘑菇时,双孢蘑菇菌丝长势好,产量达到对照组的98.4%,生物学效率达到63.44%,栽培效益比对照组高3元/m^(2),为最佳配方。制备草菇菌渣培养料时,翻堆3次相比翻堆2次培养料中的含碳量降低,以常规培养料与草菇菌渣培养料的比例为1∶1时栽培双孢蘑菇,翻堆2次处理的产量显著高于翻堆3次处理。Based on the different nutrient requirements of Volvariella volvacea and Agaricus bisporus,the V.volvacea chaffs were used to cultivate A.bisporus.The effects of different ratio formulas of conventional substrate and V.volvacea chaff substrate and the different preparation methods of V.volvacea chaff substrate on the growth of A.bisporus mycelium and fruit body were studied.The test results showed that using suitable formula(corn cob 45%,Pleurotus eryngii chaff 30%,cow manure 20%,lime5%)to cultivate V.volvacea had the advantages of good stability and sufficient nutrients.The A.bisporus with high-yield and high-quality could be cultivated by V.volvacea chaff and annual rotation of V.volvacea and A.bisporus could be realized under the condition of guaranteeing the yield of V.volvacea.Among all the formulas,adding 35%V.volvacea chaff in the substrate was the best formula.Using this formula,the mycelium of A.bisporus grew well,the yield reached 98.4%of the control group,the biological efficiency reached 63.44%,and the cultivation benefit was 3 yuan per square meter higher than that of the control group.When preparing the substrate of V.volvacea chaff,the content of carbon in the substrate with 3 times turning was lower than that of the substrate with 2 times turning.When the ratio of conventional substrate and V.volvacea chaff substrate was 1∶1,the fruit body yield of A.bisporus cultivated by this substrate with 2 times turning was significantly higher than that cultivated by the substrate with 3 times turning.

关 键 词：栽培基料 双孢蘑菇 草菇 

分 类 号：S646.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]