双向拓频高分辨率地震技术在乌夏断裂带的应用  

Application of bidirectional extension frequency high-resolution seismic technique in Wuxia fault zone

作　　者：季焕成 王江[2] 刘荷冲 钟洁 方雪莲 JI HuanCheng;WANG Jiang;LIU HeChong;ZHONG Jie;FANG XueLian(Fengcheng Oilfield Operation Area of Xinjiang Oilfield Company Limited,Karamay 834000,China;Research Institute of Exploration and Development of Daqing Oilfield Company Limited,Daqing 163712,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油新疆油田公司风城油田作业区,克拉玛依834000 [2]中国石油大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院,大庆163712

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2022年第1期201-212,共12页Progress in Geophysics

摘　　要：针对传统拓频技术存在的振幅、相位失真等问题,提出一种双向拓频高分辨率地震技术(ButHRS),其主要通过Butterworth子波载波调制在低频和高频两个方向上来压制地震记录子波旁瓣,进而大幅拓宽地震记录频带.在提高地震资料分辨能力同时,可保持地震资料信噪比、相对振幅关系和时频特性的稳定.经准噶尔盆地乌夏断裂带3D地震资料的实际拓频处理应用,不仅增强了3D地震弱信号的能量强度,而且使目的层风城组一段、二段、三段地震资料频带拓宽了35-45 Hz(由10-55 Hz拓宽到7-95 Hz),极大地提高了地震资料识别薄储层的分辨能力.通过3D拓频地震资料对乌夏断裂带夏72井区风城组含油火山岩体三维轮廓和有利储层的精细刻画,认为风城组有利火山岩储层分布主要受火山口、喷发断裂、古地貌控制,流纹质凝灰岩是沿断裂裂隙式喷发的产物.统计夏72井区7口探评井28个薄层的地震拓频处理结果,其中有25层与实际钻井符合,符合率达89.3%,较常规地震资料地震识别薄层符合率提高了14.5%,预测结果不仅与钻井结果相符,而且与地质沉积规律完全吻合.To solve the problems of amplitude and phase distortion in traditional extension frequency technology, a new high resolution bi-directional extension frequency seismic technology is proposed. ButHRS high resolution seismic data bidirectional extension technique uses Butterworth wavelet carrier modulation to suppress seismic recordons in both low and high frequencies, which not only improves the resolution of seismic data, but also maintains the signal-to-noise ratio, relative amplitude relationship and time-frequency characteristics of seismic data. The energy intensity of the weak high frequency seismic signal is enhanced by applying the high frequency seismic spreading processing technology to the 3 D seismic data, The seismic frequency of fengcheng strata is increased by 35-45 Hz(from 10-55 Hz to 7-95 Hz),and the ability of identifying thin reservoir with seismic data is improved. By means of 3 D extension frequency seismic data, the three-dimensional contour and favorable reservoir of oil-bearing volcanic rock mass in fengcheng formation in xia-72 well area in wuxia fault zone were carefully characterized.The study shows that the distribution of favorable volcanic rock reservoirs in fengcheng formation is mainly controlled by craters, eruptive faults and paleogeomorphology. According to the statistics of the seismic extension frequency processing results of 28 thin layers in 7 exploration and evaluation wells in Xia72 well area, 25 of them are consistent with the actual drilling, and the coincidence rate is up to 89.3%, which is 14.5% higher than that of the conventional seismic data.The predicted results are not only consistent with the drilling results, but also fully consistent with the geological sedimentary law.

关 键 词：拓频处理 高分辨率 乌夏断裂带 储层预测 地震属性 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]