多支化阳离子聚氨酯表面活性剂的制备与性能  

Preparation and properties of multi-branched cationic polyurethane surfactants

作　　者：谭小琴 黄朝坤 陈洁 吴静怡 倪丽杰 权衡 TAN Xiaoqin;HUANG Chaokun;CHEN Jie;WU Jingyi;NI Lijie;QUAN Heng(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Wuhan Textile University,Wuhan 430200,Hubei,China;Hubei Provincial Enterprise-School Joint Innovation Center for Macromolecule Textile Chemicals,Jingzhou 434000,Hubei,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers&Eco-Dyeing&Finishing,Wuhan 430200,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉纺织大学化学与化工学院,湖北武汉430200 [2]湖北省高分子纺织化学品企校联合创新中心,湖北荆州434000 [3]生物质纤维与生态染整湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430200

出　　处：《精细化工》2022年第3期554-561,共8页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：湖北省技术创新专项(2019AEE008);生物质纤维与生态染整湖北省重点实验室开放课题(STRZ2021009)。

摘　　要：为研究具有多条烷基长链的多支化阳离子聚氨酯表面活性剂的结构控制方法及其构效关系,以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、N-甲基二乙醇胺、十六醇和溴代烷烃为原料,制备了一系列多支化长链烷基季铵型聚氨酯表面活性剂(SC2、SC3、SC4)。产物结构经FTIR和^(1)HNMR进行确证。对其临界表面张力(γ_(CMC))、Krafft点、发泡性、乳化性及耐盐性进行了测试。结果表明,具有3支长链烷基的阳离子聚氨酯表面活性剂SC3为具有双十六烷基的阳离子聚氨酯表面活性剂SC2与具有4支十六烷基的阳离子聚氨酯表面活性剂SC4的混合物。SC2和SC4的γ_(CMC)分别为23.61和30.35 mN/m,对应的临界胶束浓度(CMC)分别为3.0×10^(-4)和2.5×10^(-4)mol/L,Krafft点分别为23和41℃,产物具有较高的表面活性和良好的乳化、发泡、耐盐性能。In order to study the structure control method and structure-activity relationship of multi-branched cationic polyurethane surfactants with multiple long alkyl chains,a series of multi-branched long-chain alkyl quaternary ammonium polyurethane surfactants(SC2,SC3 and SC4)were prepared from isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI),N-methyldiethanolamine,cetyl alcohol and bromine substituted alkanes.The structure of the product was confirmed by FTIR and ^(1)HNMR.The critical surface tension(γ_(CMC)),Krafft point,foaming ability,emulsifying ability and salt tolerance were tested.The results showed that cationic polyurethane surfactant SC3 with three-branched long-chain alkyl groups was a mixture of cationic polyurethane surfactants SC2 with dihexadecyl group and cationic polyurethane surfactants SC4 with four hexadecyl groups.The γ_(CMC) values of SC2 and SC4 were 23.61 and 30.35 mN/m,the corresponding critical micelle concentrations(CMC)were 3.0×10^(-4)and 2.5×10^(-4)mol/L,and the corresponding Krafft points were 23 and 41℃.The products had high surface activity and good emulsification,foaming and salt tolerance.

关 键 词：聚氨酯表面活性剂 多支化烷基链 阳离子 构效关系 表面活性剂 

分 类 号：TQ423.12[化学工程]