螺旋压缩弹簧的加速贮存行为研究  

Study on Accelerated Storage Behavior of Spiral Compression Spring

作　　者：赵薇 宫晓春[1] 洪洁[1] 王强[1] ZHAO Wei;GONG Xiao-chun;HONG Jie;WANG Qiang(Beijing Institute of Structure and Environment Engineering,Beijing 100076,China)

机构地区：[1]北京强度环境研究所,北京100076

出　　处：《失效分析与预防》2022年第1期37-40,45,共5页Failure Analysis and Prevention

摘　　要：为评价T9A螺旋压缩弹簧的室温松弛特性,利用小吨位电子式万能材料试验机,对其在不同温度条件下进行高温压缩加速试验,研究弹簧的应力松弛行为。基于粘弹性体模型,揭示应力松弛过程中弹性应变向塑性应变的转化特性与塑性应变随松弛时间的变化规律。结果表明:螺旋压缩弹簧的应力松弛行为与标准的金属相似,均分为2个阶段;温度对第二阶段的松弛速率具有显著影响。基于应力松弛过程的热激活特性,建立T9A螺旋压缩弹簧的贮存寿命预测方程,并对弹簧的室温贮存寿命进行合理预测:在保持126 N的压缩载荷条件下,弹簧在25℃室温下,满足载荷损失率(ΔP/P)小于12%的贮存20 a的寿命要求。In order to evaluate the relaxation characteristics of T9A spiral compression spring at room temperature,the accelerated stress relaxation test of T9A spiral compression spring was carried out at different temperatures with a small tonnage electronic universal material testing machine,and the relaxation behavior was studied.Based on the viscoelastic model,the transformation characteristics of elastic strain to plastic strain and the change rule of plastic strain with relaxation time were revealed.The results show that the stress relaxation behavior of the spiral compression spring is similar to that of the standard metal,and it can be divided into two stages.Ambient temperature has a significant effect on the relaxation rate in the second stage.Based on the thermal activation characteristics of stress relaxation process,the storage life prediction equation of T9A spiral compression spring was established,and the storage life of spring at room temperature was reasonably predicted:under the condition of maintaining 125 N compression load,the spring can meet the requirement of 20-year storage life(load loss rateΔP/P<12%)at the room temperature of 25℃.

关 键 词：应力松弛 松弛速率 塑性应变 激活能 贮存寿命预测 

分 类 号：TH135[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]