刀具磨损监测技术及其在重型切削中的应用  

Tool Wear Monitoring Technology and Its Application in Heavy Cutting

作　　者：程耀楠[1] 丁娅 盖小羽 关睿[1] 马春杰 CHENG Yao-nan;DING Ya;GAI Xiao-yu;GUAN Rui;MA Chun-jie(School of Mechanical Power Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨理工大学机械动力工程学院,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《哈尔滨理工大学学报》2022年第1期79-91,共13页Journal of Harbin University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52175394);黑龙江省自然科学基金(LH2021E083).

摘　　要：在现代化切削加工系统中,刀具的磨损和破损会导致工件的报废甚至机床的损坏。刀具状态监测可以有效地改善磨损和破损给切削过程带来的不利影响,将刀具状态监测应用到重型切削水室封头过程中对于提高大型零件的加工效率及加工质量具有重要的意义。为了深入探讨刀具磨损监测技术及其在重型切削中的应用,以普通切削刀具磨损监测为研究对象,从信号采集、特征处理、模式识别及决策控制等方面深入分析刀具磨损监测中应用最为广泛及新兴的关键技术、方法及其原理,并对它们的优缺点进行详细的剖析;阐明与分析刀具磨损监测在重型切削中的应用;对国内外学者在刀具磨损监测领域所取得的成果及进展进行阐述并对未来的发展趋势进行展望。通过以上研究过程,为重型切削过程刀具磨损监测技术提供理论与技术支持。In the modern cutting system,the wear or damage of cutting tools will lead to the failure of the workpiece and even the damage of machine tools.Tool condition monitoring can effectively improve the adverse effects of wear and breakage on the cutting process,so it is of great significance to apply tool condition monitoring to the process of heavy cutting water chamber head to improve the cutting efficiency and machining quality of workpieces.In order to discuss the tool wear monitoring technology and its application in heavy cutting,taking the common cutting tool wear monitoring as the research object,the most widely used and emerging key technologies,methods and principles in tool wear monitoring are deeply analyzed from the aspects of signal acquisition,feature processing,pattern recognition and decision control.Their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed in detail.Then the application of tool wear monitoring in heavy cutting are explained and analyzed.The achievements and progress made by domestic and foreign scholars in the field of tool wear monitoring are described,and the future development trend is prospected.Through the above research process,it provides theoretical and technical support for tool wear monitoring technology in heavy cutting process.

关 键 词：刀具磨损监测 信号采集 特征处理 模式识别 决策控制 重型切削 

分 类 号：TG501[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]