基于被动遥感卫星可见至红外通道观测的云特性遥感  

Remote Sensing of Cloud Properties Based on Visible-to-Infrared Channel Observation from Passive Remote Sensing Satellites

作　　者：尚华哲 胡斯勒图 李明 陶金花 陈良富 Shang Huazhe;Husi Letu;Li Ming;Tao Jinghua;Chen Liangfu(State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science,Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100010,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院空天信息创新研究院,遥感科学国家重点实验室,北京100010 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《光学学报》2022年第6期29-44,共16页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFA0603502);国家自然科学基金(42025504,41771395,41830109,42175152);中国科学院青年创新促进会(2021122)。

摘　　要：云是地球辐射收支、水循环和生物化学循环的主要调节者。自1960年人类第一颗气象卫星(TIROS)的发射起,被动卫星遥感已经发展成为获取云观测资料最高效的手段之一。被动卫星具有观测范围大、时间跨度久的特点,其中利用可见至红外波段(0.40~15μm)的遥感成像仪相对高光谱成像仪、微波成像仪具有时空分辨率更高的观测优势。首先,针对极轨卫星多光谱成像仪、多角度偏振成像仪和新一代静止卫星成像仪三类载荷概述了被动卫星基于可见至红外波段的观测特点。然后,介绍了包括云检测、云相态、云顶参数、云光学和微物理参数的观测原理和应用方法。最后,通过总结和展望为被动卫星可见至红外资料的云特性遥感研究提供一些思考。Clouds are the main regulators of Earth’s radiation budget,water cycle,and biochemical cycle.Since the launch of the first human meteorological satellite(TIROS)in 1960,passive satellite remote sensing has developed into one of the most efficient means to obtain cloud observation data.Passive satellites have the characteristics of large observation range and long time span,in which the remote sensing imagers using visible and infrared bands(0.40-15μm)have higher spatial and temporal resolution than hyperspectral and microwave imagers.First,summarizes the observation characteristics of passive satellite observation sensors based on visible and infrared bands for three types of sensors(multispectral imagers,multi-angle polarization imagers onboard polar-orbiting satellites and multispectral imagers onboard the new generation geostationary satellites)are summarized.Then,the principles and application methods for cloud parameters such as cloud detection,cloud phase,cloud top parameters,cloud optical and microphysical parameters are introduced.Finally,some thoughts are provided for the remote sensing study of cloud characteristics of passive satellite visible and infrared data through summary and prospect.

关 键 词：遥感 云遥感 微观特性 宏观特性 被动光学卫星 云反演算法 

分 类 号：P412.27[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]