复杂海况下海洋生态环境多维度光学监测方法  

Multi-Dimensional Optical Monitoring Method of Marine Ecological Environment Under Complex Sea Conditions

作　　者：史浩东 王稼禹 李英超[1] 付强[1] 马毅 朱京平[3] 李树涛[4] 马岩 姜会林[1] Shi Haodong;Wang Jiayu;Li Yingchao;Fu Qiang;Ma Yi;Zhu Jingping;Li Shutao;Ma Yan;Jiang Huilin(Key Laboratory of Space Optoelectronic Technology of Jilin Province,Changchun University of Science and Technology,Changchun,Jilin 130022,China;First Institute of Oceanography,MNR,Qingdao,Shandong 266061,China;College of Electronic Science and Engineering,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710049,China;College of Electrcial and Information Engineering,Hunan University Changsha,Hunan 410082,China;Chinese People's Liberation Army 63921,Beijing 100000,China)

机构地区：[1]长春理工大学吉林省空间光电技术重点实验室,吉林长春130022 [2]自然资源部第一海洋研究所,山东青岛266061 [3]西安交通大学电子科学与工程学院,陕西西安710049 [4]湖南大学电气与信息工程学院,湖南长沙410082 [5]中国人民解放军63921部队,北京100000

出　　处：《光学学报》2022年第6期45-58,共14页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(61890960)。

摘　　要：针对溢油、赤潮等典型海洋生态环境污染和灾害,传统监测手段在海雾、耀斑、复杂光照等复杂海况干扰下存在“看不远”“辨不出”“认不清”三大难题。通过对比多种光学监测手段的优缺点,提出“光谱+偏振+红外探测”的多维度光学监测方法,梳理了典型海洋目标多维特性生成、传输、获取、处理与识别反演方法的现状与不足,提出了海洋目标多维度光学信息获取机制、复杂海况下多维度光学特性生成机理和传输演化机理、海洋目标多维度高分辨信息解混、重构与增强方法,以及目标识别反演方法等5个重点发展方向,指明了技术路线和解决途径,设计了多维度光学监测系统总体方案。最后,在室外开展了5种溢油种类、2种赤潮优势种的定性和定量化可控试验,利用偏振探测实现了油种的分类和赤潮优势种的区分,这为机载多维度高分辨海洋光学监测系统的深入研究与应用奠定了基础。Traditional monitoring methods for typical marine pollution and disasters such as oil spill and red tide have three major problems.Firstly,the detection distance is reduced by sea fog.Secondly,the distinguishing ability is reduced by flare.Thirdly,the recognition ability is reduced by stray light.In this paper,by comparing the advantages and disadvantages of various optical monitoring methods,a multi-dimensional optical monitoring method of combining spectrum,polarization,and infrared detection is put forward.The current research status and shortcomings of inversion methods for generation,transmission,acquisition,processing,and identification of multidimensional characteristics of typical ocean targets are analyzed.Five important development directions including the acquisition mechanism of multidimensional optical information of ocean targets,the generation mechanism and transmission evolution mechanism of multi-dimensional optical characteristics under complex sea conditions,the decomposition of multi-dimensional high-resolution information of ocean targets,the reconstruction and enhancement methods,and the multi-dimensional high-precision recognition and inversion methods of ocean targets are proposed,and the technical route and solution are pointed out.Then,the multi-dimensional optical monitoring system is designed.Finally,qualitative and quantitative controlled tests for five kinds of oil spill and two kinds of dominant species of red tide are carried out in outdoor.The oil species and dominant species of red tide are classified by using polarization detection.This experiment laid a foundation for further research and application of airborne multi-dimensional high-resolution ocean optical monitoring systems.

关 键 词：大气光学 多维度 溢油 赤潮 光学监测 

分 类 号：O439[机械工程—光学工程]