制造业贸易虚拟水测算及比较分析  

Calculation and Comparative Analysis of Virtual Water Volume in the Manufacturing Trade

作　　者：梁昭 蒋琴儿[1] LIANG Zhao;JIANG Qiner(School of Economics and Management,Zhejiang A&F University Hangzhou,Zhejiang 311300)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学经济管理学院,浙江杭州311300

出　　处：《中国商论》2022年第6期90-93,共4页China Journal of Commerce

基　　金：浙江省科技厅软科学项目“进口对浙江农业全要素生产率增长的影响机制研究”(2019C35075)。

摘　　要：本文基于2012年和2017年的投入产出表,测算了2012年和2017年15个制造业部门的进出口虚拟水量,比较分析了重污染密集型和轻污染密集型部门的差异。研究发现,总体上制造业部门2017年耗水系数较2012年耗水系数低;轻污染行业的直接耗水系数较重污染行业要高,但完全耗水系数低于重污染行业。我国应当改善贸易结构,对重污染高耗水的部门可以增加进口,对轻污染低耗水部门可以增加出口,同时提高技术创新能力,高效利用水资源。Based on the input-output tables of 2012 and 2017,this study calculates the import and export virtual water volume of 15 manufacturing sectors in these two years,and compares and analyzes the diff erences between heavy pollution-intensive and light pollution-intensive sectors.It is found that,on the whole,the water consumption coeffi cient of the manufacturing sector in 2017 is lower than that in 2012;the direct consumption coefficient of water of light pollution industries is higher than that of heavy pollution industries,but the complete consumption coeffi cient of water of light pollution industries is lower than that of heavy pollution industries.China should improve its trade structure,increase imports to sectors with heavy pollution and high water consumption,and improve exports to sectors with light pollution and low water consumption,at the same time enhance the abilities of technological innovation and effi cient use of water resources.

关 键 词：制造业部门 直接耗水系数 完全耗水系数 虚拟水贸易 

分 类 号：F223[经济管理—国民经济]