季铵盐型竹木质素基复合型陶瓷添加剂对陶瓷泥浆性能的影响  

Effect of multi-functional quaternized bamboo lignin-based ceramic additive on architectural ceramic slurry

作　　者：姚梅宾 YAO Meibin(Development Base of Biomass Resource Technology in Fujian Province,Fuzhou 350000,China;Sanming Yuanfu Biomass Technology Co.Ltd.,Sanming 353300,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省生物质资源化技术开发基地,福州350000 [2]三明市缘福生物质科技有限公司,三明353300

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2022年第2期103-110,共8页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：福建省区域发展项目(2020N3005);福建省高校产学合作项目(2019H6008)。

摘　　要：以竹木质素为原料,采用三步复合催化法改性制备季铵盐竹木质素基复合型陶瓷添加剂YFCS,通过红外光谱特征分析和X射线电子能谱分析,与碱木素的比对结果表明,YFCS已成功引入磺酸基、羧基和季铵基等官能团。此外,还系统研究了YFCS对建筑陶瓷浆料应用性能的影响,结果表明,YFCS具有较好的分散降黏性能,且对陶瓷坯体抗折强度有明显的增强作用。当YFCS添加量为0.5%时,陶瓷浆料流出时间仅为25.3 s,与空白样相比生坯抗折强度增强率可达27.16%。添加YFCS后的陶瓷浆料稳定性良好,浆料Zeta电位值可达-28.53 mV。在添加剂用量为0.5%、浆料比重为1.67~1.72、球磨时间为10 min的同等试验条件下,选取4种不同添加剂,分别测定其对陶瓷浆料的应用性能,对比分析表明,分散降黏能力从大到小依次为YFCS>水玻璃(Na_(2)O·nSiO_(2))>硅酸钠(Na_(2)SiO_(3))>三聚磷酸钠(Na_(5)P_(3)O_(10))>葡萄糖酸钠(C_(6)H_(11)O_(7)Na);陶瓷坯体抗折强度的增强能力从大到小依次为YFCS>葡萄糖酸钠(C_(6)H_(11)O_(7)Na)>三聚磷酸钠(Na_(5)P_(3)O_(10))>硅酸钠(Na_(2)SiO_(3))>水玻璃(Na_(2)O·nSiO_(2))。对陶瓷坯体微观形貌分析可知,含有YFCS的陶土粒径明显小于未添加YFCS的陶土粒径,说明添加了YFCS以后,陶瓷浆料分散得更均匀,陶土颗粒之间结合更紧密,陶瓷生坯能承受更大外力作用。The utilization of lignin resources is of great significance to achieve the green development goal and the“Double Carbon”emission reduction strategic objective.However,its reaction activity is very low due to the complex structure of lignin,which makes its effective utilization rate less than 10%.As a result,a large amount of lignin is disposed as waste liquid or burned down directly to extract low heat energy.In recent years,there are more and more studies on modified bamboo lignin,and they are widely applied in the production fields,such as dyes,pesticides,cement,and coal water slurry,but still rare in the field of ceramic reproduction.In this study,the quaternized lignin-based multi-functional ceramic additive denoted as YFCS were prepared from bamboo lignin through three-step composite catalytic modification.Compared with alkali lignin,the infrared characterization results and the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis indicated that the sulfonic acid group,carboxyl group and quaternary ammonium group were successfully introduced into the YFCS.Additionally,the application performance of YFCS on the architectural ceramic slurry was systematically studied.The results showed that YFCS had great dispersion and viscosity reduction performance,and had obvious enhancement effect on the flexural strength of ceramic body.The outflow time of ceramic slurry took only 25.3 s when the mass ratio of YFCS was 0.5%,and the flexural strength enhancement percentage could reach 27.16%compared with the control sample.The ceramic slurry with YFCS showed good stability,and the Zeta potential could reach-28.53 mV.Four different additive products were selected to study the application performance on the architectural ceramic slurry under the same experimental condition of additive dosage of 0.5%,slurry specific gravity of 1.67-1.72 and ball milling time of 10 min.The comparative analysis with YFCS showed that,the dispersion and viscosity reduction properties were listed as YFCS>Na_(2)O·nSiO_(2)>Na_(2)SiO_(3)>Na_(5)P_(3)O_(10

关 键 词：竹木质素 陶瓷添加剂 建筑陶瓷 陶瓷浆料 分散性能 增强性能 

分 类 号：TQ35[化学工程]