竹材下吸式固定床气化中试试验及其产物的增值应用  

Experimental investigation of bamboo gasification using pilot scale downdraft fixed-bed gasifier and the value-added application of bio-gas and bio-char

作　　者：薛俊杰 黄明 朱亮 刘晓欢[1] 马中青[1] XUE Junjie;HUANG Ming;ZHU Liang;LIU Xiaohuan;MA Zhongqing(College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering,National Engineering Research Center for Wood-based Resource Comprehensive Utilization,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学化学与材料工程学院,国家木质资源综合利用工程技术研究中心,杭州311300

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2022年第2期111-120,共10页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：浙江省“领雁”研发攻关计划(2022C03092);浙江省自然科学基金(LY21E060001);浙江农林大学基本科研业务费-青年优秀人才培养专项(2020YQ006);中国科协“青年人才托举工程”项目(2018QNRC001);国家林业和草原局科技创新青年拔尖人才项目(2019132617)。

摘　　要：生物质气化技术可将物质原料转化为高热值可燃气和生物质炭,可燃气可用于供热或发电,生物质炭可制成高比表面积活性炭。以毛竹为原料,采用一套产能为340 kW的下吸式固定床气化发电系统,研究气化工艺对可燃气品质和气化炉性能的影响,并采用KOH化学活化法开展气化副产物竹炭的活化试验,研究活化工艺对活性炭性能及其吸附甲基橙染料的影响。试验结果表明:随着进气量从400 m^(3)/h增加至800 m^(3)/h,可燃气的品质和气化性能都有所增加,通过连续24 h的高负荷运行,发现可燃气的最高低位热值为5.20 MJ/Nm^(3),气化炉的原料消耗、产气量和冷气效率的最大值分别为700 kg/h、1 400 m^(3)/h和57.87%,最优工况下可发电340 kW;选用氢氧化钾活化剂对竹材气化炭进行活化制备竹质活性炭,结果表明,当活化温度和碱炭比分别为900℃和3∶1时,活性炭的比表面积、总孔容和碘吸附值均达到最大值,分别为1 338.55 m^(3)/g、0.900 cm^(3)/g和1 849.50 mg/g,表明毛竹气化炭是制备活性炭的优质原料;气化毛竹活性炭对甲基橙的最大吸附量为212.77 mg/g,该吸附过程与Langmuir和Freundlich等温线模型的相关性均表现良好(R;>0.99),且符合准二级吸附动力学方程。Bamboo has advantages of short growth period,excellent physical and mechanical properties,and high rigidity and wear resistance,which is a potentially renewable biomass resource for productions of biogas,biochar,and bio-oil using thermochemical conversion technologies.Biomass gasification technology can convert bamboo into biogas and bio-char.The produced biogas can be used to generate electricity through a generator,and biochar can be used as feedstock of activated carbons.In this work,bamboo gasification experiments were carried out in a pilot scale downdraft fixed-bed gasification system,including a downdraft fixed-bed gasifier,a gas cleaning unit,a gas engine,and a programmable logic controller.Firstly,the effect of the amount of air agent on the quality of the produced gas and performance of the gasifier was investigated.Then,the effect of the mass ratio of KOH/char and the activation temperature on the property of activated carbon and the adsorption behavior of methyl orange were studied.The results showed that:(1) With the increase of the amount of air agent from 400 m^(3)/h to 800 m^(3)/h,the quality of produced gas was highly upgraded.The optimal component distribution and lower heating value(LHV) of the produced gas were 18.5%(CO),2.5%(CH;),16.7%(H;),13.1%(CO_(2)),0.4%(O_(2)),and 5.20 MJ/Nm^(3),respectively.Through the 24 h continuous and high load capacity operation,the maximum values of LHV of the produced gas,feedstock consumption rate,gas output,cold gas efficiency and electric energy production were 700 kg/h,1 400 m^(3)/h,57.87%,and 340 kW respectively.(2) With the increase of the mass ratio of KOH/char and activation temperature,the mass yield of activated carbon decreased.The optimal parameters for the production of activated carbons were the mass ratio of KOH/char of 2 and activation temperature of 900 ℃.At the optimal operation parameters,the specific surface area,total pore volume,and iodine adsorption value reached their maximum values,presenting as 1 338.55 m^(3)/g,0.900 cm^(3)/g,and 1 849

关 键 词：毛竹 下吸式固定床气化炉 气化 气化性能 生物质炭 可燃气 增值应用 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]