国际商事仲裁中弃权规则适用情形的类型化分析——兼评《仲裁法(修订)(征求意见稿)》第33条  

A Typified Analysis of The Application of Waiver Rules In International Commercial Arbitration--With a Comment on Article 33 of the Arbitration Law(Revised)(Draft for Public Comment)

作　　者：张建 Zhang Jian

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学法学院

出　　处：《北京仲裁》2021年第3期119-137,共19页Beijing Arbitration Quarterly

基　　金：党的十九届四中全会精神国家社科基金重大项目“我国法域外适用法治体系构建研究”(20ZDA031)的阶段性成果;首都经济贸易大学北京市属高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目阶段性成果。

摘　　要：弃权规则在国际商事仲裁理论与实践当中具有独特的意义,其不仅符合诚实信用原则这一程序法的基本准则,而且契合于商事仲裁中的当事人意思自治原则。在仲裁协议的执行阶段、仲裁程序进行期间、仲裁裁决作出之后,都可能出现程序不当的情形,可能影响到仲裁管辖权的确立、正当程序的事项以及裁决的司法确认。对于程序瑕疵,当事人应当及时地提出异议,如果有证据显示当事人在明知或者应当知道存在有悖于仲裁协议、仲裁规则或仲裁法的情况下,没有及时提出异议,将因此而丧失相应的异议权和救济权。在我国《仲裁法(修订)(征求意见稿)》中,增加了弃权规则,其必要性值得肯定。但是,为了使当事人及仲裁员更好地理解并运用弃权规则,有必要区分不同的可能情况对其所产生的法律后果予以明确化,从而更好地督促当事人及时行使权利,从整体上提升仲裁的效率。The waiver rule has unique significance in the theory and practice of international commercial arbitration.It not only accords with the principle of good faith,which is the basic principle of procedural law,but also accords with the principle of the parties’autonomy of will in commercial arbitration.During the implementation stage of the arbitration agreement,during the arbitration proceedings,and after the award,there may be cases of improper proceedings,which may affect the establishment of arbitration jurisdiction,the matters of due process and the judicial confirmation of the award.If there is evidence that the party knows or should know that there is a violation of the arbitration agreement,arbitration rules or arbitration law,and fails to raise the objection in time,the party will therefore lose the corresponding right of objection and the right of remedy.In China’s arbitration Law(revised)(draft),the waiver rule is added,and its necessity is worth affirming.However,in order to make the parties and arbitrators better understand and apply the waiver rules,it is necessary to distinguish different possible situations and clarify the legal consequences,so as to better urge the parties to exercise their rights in time and improve the efficiency of arbitration on the whole.

关 键 词：弃权规则 仲裁协议 仲裁程序 仲裁裁决 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]