构树嫩枝叶青贮时间及青贮后饲喂对肉牛生长性能及育肥收益的影响  

Effects of Silage Time of Tender Branches and Leaves of Broussonetia papyrifera and Feeding Beef Cattle on its Growth Performance and Fattening Benefits

作　　者：赵秀梅 刘建勇[2] 刘彦培 王馨[2] 金杰[1] 黄必志[2] ZHAO Xiumei;LIU Jianyong;LIU Yanpei;WANG Xin;JIN Jie;HUANG Bizhi(Institute of Tropical Eco-agricultural Sciences,Yunnan Academy of Agriculture Sciences,Yuanmou,Yunnan 651300,China;Academe of Grassland and Animal Science,Kunming,Yunnan 650212,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农科院热区生态农业研究所,云南元谋651300 [2]云南省草地动物科学研究院,云南昆明650212

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2022年第3期51-56,共6页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：云岭英才计划“云南大宗经济作物副产物饲料化利用技术研究与产业化”研究;国家重点研发计划“优质肉牛草蓄一体化生态养殖技术体系创建与示范”(No.2018YFD0501804);云南省重大科研专项“云岭牛技术创新中心建设及成果产业化”(No.2019ZG007)。

摘　　要：为研究构树(Broussonetia papyrifera)嫩枝叶青贮时间及饲喂肉牛对其生长性能、育肥收益的影响,设计青贮试验和肉牛饲喂试验。青贮试验设3个青贮时间,每个青贮时间设3个重复,每个重复3包构树嫩枝叶,分别在青贮50、60、70 d时开包进行感官评价,并对其营养成分及青贮品质相关指标进行检测。肉牛饲喂试验选取18头体况良好,月龄15个月,生理状态及生产性能接近的公牛,随机分为3组,每组6个重复,A3组(对照组)粗饲料全部饲喂青贮全株玉米;A1组粗饲料饲喂20%构树嫩枝叶青贮±80%全株玉米青贮;A2组粗饲料饲喂40%构树嫩枝叶青贮±60%全株玉米青贮,肉牛自由采食饮水,试验期103d,试验结束测定18头肉牛生产性能及育肥效果相关指标。结果显示:构树嫩枝叶青贮50、60、70 d对气味、结构、色泽、评分均无显著影响,等级均为尚好。干物质(DM)、粗脂肪(EE)、钙(Ca)、磷(P)、木质素(ADL)、粗灰分(CA)、粗纤维(CF)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量均无显著差异,但与青贮50 d时比较,70 d的粗蛋白(CP)含量显著下降,pH无显著差异,氨态氮(NH_(3)-N)含量下降。A1、A2、A3组肉牛日均干物质采食量(ADMI)、料重比(F/G)均无显著差异,平均日增重(ADG)A1、A2组无显著差异,但均显著高于对照。日增重收益(IADG)及育肥收益A1组显著高于A2、A3组。综上所述,构树嫩枝叶青贮50 d即可,粗饲料中添加20%构树嫩枝叶青贮饲喂肉牛对其生长性能、育肥收益效果较好。In order to study the silage time of tender branches and leaves of Broussonetia papyrifera and the effects of feeding beef cattle on its growth performance and fattening benefit,the silage and feeding experiment was conducted. In the silage experiment, there were 3 silage times (50, 60 and 70 d), 3 replicates for each silage time, and 3 bags tender branches and leaves in per replicate.Sensory evaluation was carried out at 50 days, 60 days and 70 days after silage, the nutritional composition and silage quality related indexes were detected. In the feeding experiment, 18 bulls with good physical condition and similar physiological status and production performance at the age of 15 months were randomly divided into 3 groups with 6repeats in each group and 1 beef cow in each group. The control group (group A3) was fed with whole plant maize silage, the experimental group (group A1) was fed with 20% tender branch and leaf silage and 80% whole plant maize silage, the experimental group (group A2) was fed with 40% tender branch and leaf silage and 60% whole plant maize silage. Beef cattle were fed freely for drinking water for 103 days. The production performance and fattening effect of 18 beef cattle were determined at the end of the experiment. The results showed that there was no significant difference between smell, structure, color and score of tender branches and leaves of Broussonetia papyrifera silage for 50 days, 60 days and 70 days. There was no significant difference between dry matter (DM), crude fat (EE), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), lignin (ADL) and crude ash (CA). There was no significant difference between crude protein (CP) content between 50 d and 60 d, 60 d and 70 d silage, but it was significantly higher in 50 d silage than that in 70 d silage. There was no significant difference between the contents of crude fiber (CF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF). There was no significant difference in pH value, but the content of ammonia nitrogen (NH_(3)-N) increased. There was n

关 键 词：构树嫩枝叶 青贮时间 饲喂肉牛 生产性能 育肥收益 

分 类 号：S533[农业科学—作物学]