633nm内腔式He-Ne激光器热-频率特性研究  

Research on Thermal-Frequency Characteristics of 633 nm Internal-Mirror He-Ne Laser

作　　者：席路 殷聪[1] 王建波[1] 石春英[1] 蔡山[1] 刘若男 李孟瑶 张超超 Xi Lu;Yin Cong;Wang Jianbo;Shi Chunying;Cai Shan;Liu Ruonan;Li Mengyao;Zhang Chaochao(Institute of Geometric Metrology Science,National Institute of Metrology,Beijing 100029,China;College of Metrology&Measurement Engineering,China Jiliang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310018,China;School of Optics and Photonics,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国计量科学研究院几何量计量科学研究所,北京100029 [2]中国计量大学计量测试工程学院,浙江杭州310018 [3]北京理工大学光电学院,北京100081

出　　处：《中国激光》2022年第6期8-15,共8页Chinese Journal of Lasers

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFF0603300、2016YFF0200302)、国家自然科学基金(62075165)。

摘　　要：研究了在-20~40℃环境温度下633nm内腔式He-Ne激光管的自由运转特性,设计了激光器系统的预热和稳频控制方案,实现了633nm内腔式He-Ne激光器的频率稳定。当室温约为24℃时,锁定后的热稳频激光器与高精度碘稳定激光器的拍频结果显示,3h内频率的相对标准不确定度为u=6.4×10^(-9),阿伦方差为7.0×10^(-9)(采样时间τ=1s),3个月内的频率复现性优于4.6×10^(-11)。研究了在-20~40℃范围内不同环境温度下锁定后输出激光的频率漂移规律,实验结果显示,稳频后激光输出频率随环境温度的漂移量约为293kHz/℃,与采用压力估算模型计算得到的漂移值268kHz/℃相一致。因此,当激光器工作在一个较大的温度范围内时,可以通过插值校准来获得更准确的参考输出频率。Objective In length measurement,the laser interferometer is used as the length-based standard at all levels,and the measured length value is calculated according to the emission wavelength of its light source.The stable and reliable output laser frequency(or wavelength)characteristics of various frequency stabilized lasers as the light source of the interferometer are the basic working conditions to ensure the normal operation of the interferometer.The 633nm internal-mirror He-Ne laser with the double longitudinal mode power balance frequency stabilization principle is controlled based on the central frequency of the laser medium gain curve.However,the central frequency of the gain curve is affected by the air pressure in the tube.Therefore,the laser frequency after frequency stabilization is related to the gas pressure in the tube.For the full-cavity He-Ne laser tube,the change of the pressure in the cavity is mainly caused by the temperature change,and the pressure in the cavity increases linearly with the increase of temperature.Therefore,the frequency of the laser output is closely related to the temperature.As the frequency stabilized He-Ne laser is used more and more widely,there are higher requirements for the environmental adaptability of the frequency stabilized lasers.For example,the frequency stabilized He-Ne laser used in the laser interferometric absolute gravimeter needs to work at different ambient temperatures.Therefore,the frequency reproducibility of the current frequency stabilized He-Ne laser at extreme temperatures is greatly restricted.Methods In this paper,the free-running characteristics of the 633 nm internal-mirror He-Ne laser tube at-20--40 ℃are studied.According to these characteristics,apreheating and frequency stabilization control scheme of the laser system is designed,and the frequency stability of the 633nm internal-mirror He-Ne laser is realized.When the room temperature is about 24 ℃,the locked thermally stabilized laser beats with the high-precision iodine stabilized laser,

关 键 词：激光器 内腔式HeNe激光器 双纵模 功率平衡 高低温试验 频率漂移 

分 类 号：TN242[电子电信—物理电子学] TN248.2TN249