外交胜败之争:中国近代“不平等条约”叙事中的《尼布楚条约》  

Diplomatic Triumph or Defeat:The Treaty of Nerchinsk in the Narrative of “Unequal Treaties” in Modern China

作　　者：赫佳妮 He Jiani

机构地区：[1]北京大学国际关系学院,100871

出　　处：《国际政治研究》2022年第1期138-160,8,共24页The Journal of International Studies

摘　　要：19世纪晚期至20世纪上半叶,《尼布楚条约》在被重述、解释、宣传的过程中走出皇家王朝叙事,进入公众视野,卷入以现代国家领土主权问题为核心的近代"不平等条约"叙事中。有关该条约是"胜利之约"抑或"割地之始"的辩争,揭示了各方从国家胜败和强弱的角度阐述对外交本质的理解,也成为现实政治中各派别表达利益诉求的工具和武器。《尼布楚条约》叙事中所折射的对国家力量和完胜的追求也逐渐超越了专业国际法知识,在现代外交学科走向中国公众的过程中成为更高的叙事目标。From the late 19 th century to the first half of the 20 th century,the Chinese narrative of“unequal treaties,”in which sovereignty and territory were primary concerns,revised the imperial dynastic description of the Treaty of Nerchinsk.Along with the narrative of“unequal treaties,”intellectuals reinterpreted the Treaty and circulated it among the public,which accompanied the debates over whether the Treaty was a glorious victory or had ceded territory.In both cases,various governments and parties argued for the power feature of diplomacy and manipulated such debates as a political tool to reach their ends.The quest for power and triumph,which was emphasized over the pursuit of international law in the narrative of the Treaty,also became a more salient goal when modern diplomacy was introduced as a subject to the Chinese public.

关 键 词：中国政治与外交 中国近代史 清俄关系 《尼布楚条约》 “不平等条约” 叙事 

分 类 号：D829[政治法律—政治学] K25[政治法律—外交学]