政府层级改革的经济发展质量效应研究——基于“省直管县”和“强县扩权”的准自然实验  

Government-level Reform and the Quality of Economic Development——Based on Quasi-natural Experiments of"County Directly Administrated by Province"and"Strong County Expansion"

作　　者：詹新宇[1] 易泉映雪 刘皓月 Zhan Xinyu;Yi Quanyingxue;Liu Haoyue

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学

出　　处：《财政科学》2022年第3期15-33,共19页Fiscal Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“政府间财政关系与经济增长目标管理研究”(20FJYB014)。

摘　　要：旨在进行分权激励的政府层级改革,包括财政领域的“省直管县”和经济社会管理领域的“强县扩权”两类。现有文献表明,这两类改革显著促进了经济增长,那么其经济发展质量效应如何呢?本文采用双重差分法(DID)实证探讨了财政层级改革对我国县市经济发展质量的影响及其实现机制。研究发现,两类改革对县域经济发展质量均有显著提升作用;对于市辖区经济,财政“省直管县”改革对其经济发展质量没有显著作用,而“强县扩权”对其经济发展质量则有显著提升作用。进一步分析发现,政府层级改革将县级政府与地级市政府在财权、事权上相对独立开来,激励各级地方政府基于自身地区经济条件优化财政支出结构、提高支出规模、完善政府职能而作用于本辖区经济发展质量;分权时序研究表明,“省直管县”实施先于“强县扩权”和两者同时并行的情形都能够显著提升县域经济发展质量。本文据此提出了相应的对策建议。Government level reform includes the reform of"County Directly Administrated by Province"in the financial field and"Strong County Expansion"reform in the field of economic and social management.Decen tralization theory always believes that such reform will promote the rapid growth of economic development.So,what is the influence and direction of government level reform on the quality of economic development?This paper uses the double difference method(DID)to empirical study the overall effect and influence direction of fiscal hierarchical reform on the economic development quality of counties and cities in China.The study found that the government level reform significantly improved the quality of county economic development;for the prefecture-level economy,the reform of fiscal"County Directly Administrated by Province"had no significant effect on the quality of prefecture-level economic development,while"Strong County Expansion"significantly improved the quality of economic development of prefecture-level cities.Further analysis found that the government reform will independently open county-level governments and municipal governments in terms of financial power and power,encourage local governments to optimize the fiscal expenditure structure based on their own regional economic conditions,improve the expenditure scale,improve government functions and act on the quality of their regional economic development.And the study on the time sequence of the reform shows that fiscal decentralization in advance and two kinds of decentralization in parallel can significantly improve the quality of county economic development.

关 键 词：省直管县 强县扩权 经济发展质量 全要素生产率 

分 类 号：F812.2[经济管理—财政学]