新冠康复者恢复期血浆抗SARS-CoV-2中和抗体检测分析  

Detection and analysis of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in convalescent plasma donors

作　　者：张嫄[1] 王丽荣 丁谨 兰静 彭鹏[1] 刘娜 张骏喆 徐华[1] ZHANG Yuan;WANG Lirong;DING Jin;LAN Jing;PENG Peng;LIU Na;ZHANG Junzhe;XU Hua(Shaanxi Blood Center;School of Public Health,Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center)

机构地区：[1]陕西省血液中心,陕西西安710061 [2]西安交通大学医学部公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2022年第3期245-249,共5页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

基　　金：西安市卫生健康委员会2020年面上培育项目《西安地区无偿献血人群新冠抗体检测的回顾性调查研究》(2020ms17)。

摘　　要：目的了解新冠康复者恢复期血浆中抗SARS-CoV-2中和抗体水平,评价其是否具有特异的抗SARS-CoV-2 S抗原作用,为临床使用提供实验室支持数据。方法以9名已从COVID-19中恢复的新冠康复者恢复期血浆捐献者为研究对象,以4名完成疫苗接种的志愿者和3名新冠抗体筛查阳性的无偿献血者做对比,采用化学发光免疫分析法检测3组研究对象抗SARS-CoV-2总抗体、IgM和IgG,并对所有标本进行抗携带SARS-CoV-2 S抗原的假型化疱疹性口炎病毒检测。结果新冠康复者及完成疫苗接种者血清总抗体及IgG抗体检测均有反应性。与新冠康复者恢复期血浆及完成疫苗接种的标本相比,回顾性筛查抗体检出阳性的献血者标本的抗SARS-CoV-2抗体均呈弱反应。8名恢复期血浆捐献者和所有完成疫苗接种者SARS-CoV-2假病毒中和实验阳性;所有抗体筛查阳性献血者中和实验阴性。结论新冠康复者、疫苗接种者和抗体筛查阳性者3组研究对象的中和抗体水平和特征不同。在无法进行假病毒中和抗体检测的情况下,可以考虑通过检测总抗体替代。Objective To detect the anti-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody levels in convalescent plasma(CP)and to evaluate whether it has specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 S antigeneffect,so as to provide laboratory data support for clinical use ofCP.Methods Nine CP donors who have recovered from COV-ID-19 were studied,and 4 volunteers who completed the vacci-nation and 3 asymptomatic infected blood donors were compared.Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies including total antibody,IgM and IgG were measured by chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassays(CMIA)test in three groups.The VSV pseudovirus-based neutralization assay for evaluating neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 was carried out in all samples.Results All samples were tested positive by the total antibody and IgG CMIA in COVID-19 CP donors and recipients of inactivatedCOVID-19 vaccine.High titers of IgG were observed in CP donors and vaccine recipients compared with asymptomatic blooddonors.All vaccine recipients and 8 of 9 CP donors tested positive by SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus-based neutralization test,whereas all asymptomatic blood donors tested negative.Conclusion The levels and characteristics of neutralizing antibodiesamong COVID-19 CP donors,vaccine recipients and asymptomatic blood donors were different.When unable to implement the pseudovirus assay to measure neutralizing antibodies,the detection of total antibody can be considered instead.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 新型冠状病毒 康复者恢复期血浆 化学发光微粒子免疫检测法 中和抗体 

分 类 号：R373.1[医药卫生—病原生物学] R563.1[医药卫生—基础医学]