Rh血型系统分型与相容性输血研究  

Rh blood system classification and compatible blood transfusion

作　　者：孙亚纯 黎海澜[2] 郭仲辉 张平 孟庆宝 SUN Yachun;LI Hailan;GUO Zhonghui;ZHANG Ping;MENG Qingbao(Shenzhen People’s Hospital,Shenzhen 518020,China;People’Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region;Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital;Aikang Reagent Company Limited)

机构地区：[1]深圳市人民医院,广东深圳518020 [2]广西壮族自治区人民医院 [3]广州市番禺区中心医院 [4]深圳爱康试剂有限公司

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2022年第3期272-274,共3页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30971580)。

摘　　要：目的对来自多地区(南宁、广州及深圳)的4704名住院患者进行Rh分型,了解C、c、E、e抗原及表型的分布规律,为制订Rh血型相容性输血方案提供依据。方法采用3家不同公司生产的微柱凝胶卡检测住院患者Rh血型抗原。如果试验试剂与对照试剂结果不一致,则用第三方试剂确认,必要时用传统的试管法确认。采用卡方检验与Fisher精确检验对各地区抗原频率分布情况、Rh血型表型等进行统计学分析。结果4704名住院患者C、c、E、e抗原频率分布趋势为e(91.77%)>C(85.64%)>c(49.62%)>E(41.60%);Rh表型分布趋势为:CCee(49.40%)>CcEe(27.53%)>Ccee(8.16%)>ccEE(7.74%)>ccEe(4.89%)>CCEe(0.96%)>ccee(0.83%)>CcEE(0.47%)>CCEE(0.02%)。南宁、广州及深圳3个地区的Rh血型分布差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=81.328,P<0.05)。深圳住院患者男女之间Rh血型分布频率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=18.336,P<0.05),而南宁、广州的住院患者男女之间分布频率无统计学意义。结论深圳、南宁、广州地区住院患者Rh血型分布特征有差异。在实施Rh相容性输血时,执行普适性的通用规则的同时应考虑区域性特点,实施精准输血以保障输血安全、降低不规则抗体的发生率。Objective To investigate the profiles of RhC,c,E,and e antigens and phenotypes in 4704 inpatients from multiple regions,i.e.Nanning,Guangzhou and Shenzhen,and provide data information for compatibility blood transfusion of Rh blood group.Methods The Rh blood group antigens were detected by microcolumn gel cards from three manufactures.If the test and the control results are inconsistent,a third-party reagent would be used,and traditional tube method for confirmation if needed.The Chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were used to analyze antigen frequency and Rh phenotypes in each region.Results Among the 4704 inpatients,the frequency of C,c,E,and e antigen was e(91.77%)>C(85.64%)>c(49.62%)>E(41.60%),and Rh phenotypes distribution was CCee(49.40%)>CcEe(27.53%)>Ccee(8.16%)>ccEE(7.74%)>ccEe(4.89%)>CCEe(0.96%)>ccee(0.83%)>CcEE(0.47%)>CCEE(0.02%).There were significant differences in Rh blood type distribution among Nanning,Guangzhou and Shenzhen(P<0.05).Differences in Rh phenotype distribution between male and female were noticed in Shenzhen(P<0.05),but not in Nanning or Guangzhou.Conclusion The distribution of Rh blood group in Shenzhen,Nanning and Guangzhou were significantly different from each other,therefore regional characteristics should be considered when carrying out Rh-compatible blood transfusion,so as to guarantee the security of transfusion and reduce the incidence of unexpected antibodies.

关 键 词：RH血型 表型 频率 相容性输血 

分 类 号：R457.11[医药卫生—治疗学] R197.323[医药卫生—临床医学]