单氰胺及摘叶对“阳光玫瑰”葡萄二次果花芽分化及品质的影响  

Effects of Cyanamide and Leaf Picking on Flower Bud Differentiation and Quality of Second Fruit of‘Sunshine Rose’Grape

作　　者：郭淑萍[1] 杨顺林[1] 杨玉皎 孟富宣[1] 何建军 GUO Shuping;YANG Shunlin;YANG Yujiao;MENG Fuxuan;HE Jianjun(Institute for Tropical Eco-Agriculture of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yuanmou Dry-hot Valley Botanical Garden,Yuanmou,Yunnan 651300;Guangxi Academy of Special Crops,Guilin,Guangxi 541004)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所,云南元谋651300 [2]广西特色作物研究院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《北方园艺》2022年第6期39-45,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFD1001405);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFD0201305)财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-29-18)。

摘　　要：以二年生“阳光玫瑰”葡萄为试材,一次果成熟采收后留3~4芽修剪,采用不施用单氰胺破眠且摘除植株全部叶片、施用单氰胺破眠且不摘叶、施用单氰胺破眠并摘除植株全部叶片3种处理,以不做处理为对照,研究了萌芽率、花芽分化率、结果枝率、果实品质等指标变化趋势,以期为提高干热河谷区“阳光玫瑰”二次果花芽分化及果实品质提供参考依据。结果表明:摘除植株全部叶片对“阳光玫瑰”二次果萌芽率、花芽分化率、成枝率、结果枝率、穗长、穗宽、单果质量、单穗质量、产量、可溶性固形物含量均得到提升。以施用单氰胺破眠并摘除植株全部叶片处理的效果最好,对“阳光玫瑰”二次果萌芽和花芽分化效果最好,果实品质提升也最佳。Taking two-year-old‘Sunshine Rose’grape as test material,3-4 buds were left for pruning after one-time fruit ripening and harvesting.Three treatments were adopted,no application of cyanamide to break dormancy and remove all leaves of the plant,application of cyanamide to break dormancy and remove all leaves of the plant,and no treatment as control.The germination rate,flower bud differentiation rate,fruiting branch rate and fruit quality were investigated,and the fruit quality of different treatments were measured at the fruit ripening stage,in order to provide reference for improving flower bud differentiation and fruit quality of‘Sunshine Rose’second fruit in dry and hot valley area.The results showed that the second fruit germination rate,flower bud differentiation rate,branching rate,fruiting branch rate,cluster length,cluster width,single fruit weight,single cluster weight,yield and soluble solids content of‘Sunshine Rose’grape were significantly improved by removing all leaves of the plant.The treatment with single cyanamide to break the sleep and remove all the leaves of the plant had the best effect on the germination and flower bud differentiation of the second fruit of‘Sunshine Rose’grape,and the fruit quality improvement was also the best.

关 键 词：单氰胺 摘叶 “阳光玫瑰” 二次果 萌芽 花芽分化 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]