现代汉语主观量的表达机制及其实现条件  

Expressing mechanism and realization conditions of subjective quantity in modern Chinese

作　　者：张耕 ZHANG Geng

机构地区：[1]复旦大学中国语言文学系

出　　处：《世界汉语教学》2022年第2期211-224,共14页Chinese Teaching in the World

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“言语行为的逻辑——汉语语义和语用接口研究”(项目编号:19FYYB032)资助。

摘　　要：首先,文章全面审视现代汉语主观量的语义来源,分为从量范畴到主观量表达、从情感范畴到主观量表达两个大类,并对两类主观量表达的可能手段进行了具体分析。然后,系统考察主观量表达的实现条件,概括为四条主观量与客观量的区分规则:预期激活条件、主观归纳条件、离散加合条件、情感焦点条件。最后,讨论了主观量表达的否定转化规律。This paper gives a comprehensive review of the source categories of subjective quantity in modern Chinese, which fall into two basic types: quantity category and emotion category. After analyzing the potential expressing forms of subjective quantity, the paper summarizes four realization conditions to differentiate between subjective quantity and objective quantity: activation of speaker’s expectation, incomplete induction of non-numeric measuring, cumulation of discrete quantity, and realization of scalar focus in the emotion category. It also discusses the meaning conversion of subjective quantity by explicit or implicit negation.

关 键 词：主观大量 主观小量 表达机制 实现条件 语用 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]