东莞市近30年降雨量时空演变特征分析  

Analysis of Temporal and Spatial Evolution Characteristics of Rainfall in Dongguan in the Past 30 Years

作　　者：王秋良 孙翔 甘杜芬[3] 梅欣佩 成洁 昝雄风 WANG Qiuliang;SUN Xiang;GAN Dufen;MEI Xinpei;CHENG Jie;ZAN Xiongfeng(Shenzhen Water Planning&Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518008,China;Southern University of Science and Technology,Shenzhen 518055,China;School of Computer Engineering,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin 541000,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市水务规划设计院股份有限公司,广东深圳518008 [2]南方科技大学,广东深圳518055 [3]桂林电子科技大学计算机工程学院,广西桂林541000

出　　处：《人民珠江》2022年第4期48-54,共7页Pearl River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51979136)。

摘　　要：东莞市作为粤港澳大湾区重要的城市,对大湾区经济发展有重要贡献。暴雨洪涝对东莞城市规划、水资源合理配置、防洪减灾有重大影响,严重制约其经济高质量发展。利用东莞30个水文站32年逐日降雨数据,采用GIS与Mann-Kendall检验、滑动平均、累积距平等方法讨论了东莞市降水时空分布特征。结果表明:近32年来,东莞市年降雨时空分布自西向东逐渐增加,随时间呈现明显增加趋势;汛期降雨量自西向东依次增加,中部向西逐渐降低,中部向东呈现先降后升趋势变化,汛期降雨量约占全年60%~95%,非汛期降雨量中部凸显,东西两侧区域差异明显,中部地区最大,有向两侧逐次降低的趋势,西南部最小;四季最大雨量中心由中部向东北部、东部、中部进行移动,最小降雨量稳定于西南部区域;月均降雨量自西向东呈现增大趋势。多年月平均占比6月份最大,占全年18.58%,12月份最小,占全年1.88%。研究结果可为东莞城市发展提供参考与依据。Dongguan is an important city in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,which is a major contributor to the economic development of this area.However,its urban planning,rational allocation of water resources,flood prevention and disaster reduction are severely affected by torrential rain and floods,and thus its high-quality economic development is seriously hindered.Therefore,by using the 32-year daily rainfall data of 30 hydrological stations in Dongguan,this paper adopts methods such as GIS,the Mann-Kendall test,moving average,and cumulative anomaly to discuss the temporal and spatial distribution of rainfall in Dongguan.The results reveal that in the past 32 years,the temporal and spatial distribution of annual rainfall has gradually increased from west to east with a significant rising trend over time.During the flood season,the rainfall increases sequentially from west to east and gradually decreases from the central part to west,and from the central part to east,it drops before it rises.Rainfall in the flood season accounts for about 60%~95%of the annual total.The rainfall in the non-flood season is prominent in the central part,with great differences between east and west,namely that the rainfall in the central part tends to decrease gradually to both sides,and the southwestern part registers the smallest.The center of the maximum rainfall in the four seasons moves from the central part to the northeast,east,and central,and the southwest still records the minimum rainfall.The monthly average rainfall generally shows an increasing trend from west to east:Many years of data indicates that the average rainfall in June is the largest,accounting for 18.58%of the rainfall all year,while December sees the smallest,accounting for 1.88%of the yearly total.The research results can provide reference and support for the later development of Dongguan.

关 键 词：GIS 年降雨量 非汛期 Mann-Kendall检验法 时空分布 

分 类 号：P339[天文地球—水文科学]