真菌β-1,3-葡聚糖基转移酶研究进展  

Research progress ofβ-1,3-glucanotransferases in fungi

作　　者：付鑫 朱鸿安 崔凤杰[1,2] 昝新艺[1] 孙文敬[1,2] FU Xin;ZHU Hongan;CUI Fengjie;ZAN Xinyi;SUN Wenjing(School of Food and Biological Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China;Jiangxi Provincial Engineering and Technology Center for Food Additives Bio-production,Dexing 334299,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学食品与生物工程学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]江西省德兴市百勤异VC钠有限公司,江西德兴334299

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2022年第7期276-282,共7页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32172187,31771961);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20191227);中国博士后基金项目(2019M661761)。

摘　　要：真菌葡聚糖作为细胞壁的重要组成部分,与菌丝形成、菌体生长等众多过程密切相关,同时还具有显著的增强免疫、调节肠道菌群、预防心血管疾病等功能。真菌中最重要的葡聚糖主要由β-1,3-糖苷键连接的主链和不同比例和聚合度的β-1,3和/或β-1,6-糖苷键连接的支链构成。GH72家族的β-1,3-葡聚糖转移酶具有切割和转移葡聚糖糖链的能力。在真菌葡聚糖合成过程中,β-1,3-葡聚糖转移酶通过切割和转移线性葡聚糖链,对其结构进行分支化修饰,形成丰富的分支结构。影响葡聚糖的水溶性、分散性和细胞壁的结构和功能等。该文主要对几种真菌中GH72家族葡聚糖基转移酶的研究现状进行综述,以期为理解真菌葡聚糖的合成途径和葡聚糖合成相关酶系的催化机制提供一定的参考。Fungal glucan is an important part of the cell wall,and closely related to many processes such as mycelial formation and growth.Fungal glucans also showed significant bioactivities including immune enhancement,regulation of intestinal flora,and prevention of cardiovascular diseases.The most important glucans in fungi are mainly composed of a main chain connected byβ-1,3-glycosidic bonds and branched chains connected byβ-1,3 and/orβ-1,6-glycosidic bonds in different proportions and degrees of polymerization.Theβ-1,3-glucanotransferases belonging to the GH72 family possess the ability to cleave and transfer glucan chains.During the process of fungal glucan synthesis,β-1,3-glucanotransferases cleave and transfer the linear glucan chain to remodel and/or modify its structure to form the highly-branched structures,which affects their solubility,dispersibility and functions.This paper focuses on reviewing the recent research progress of GH72 family glucanotransferases in several fungi.

关 键 词：真菌 β-1 3-葡聚糖基转移酶 葡聚糖合成 分支化 GH72家族 

分 类 号：Q936[生物学—微生物学]