黑龙江野生毛榛果实表型性状的多样性研究  

Phenotypic Trait Diversity of Wild Corylus mandshurica Fruit in Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：李红莉 李雪 逄宏扬 LI Hong-li;LI Xue;PANG Hong-yang(Mudanjiang Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Forestry Sciences,Mudanjiang Heilongjiang 157010,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省林业科学院牡丹江分院,黑龙江牡丹江157010

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2022年第2期20-26,共7页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：黑龙江省财政厅省属科研院所科研业务费项目(CZKYF2021B010);黑龙江省自然科学联合引导基金项目(LH2020C106)。

摘　　要：旨在揭示黑龙江野生毛榛果实表型性状的变异特点和多样性,为野生毛榛种质资源评价和优良种质挖掘提供依据,采用变异分析、相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析方法对黑龙江省9个地理种源的58份毛榛种质资源的7个质量性状、17个数量性状,共计24个果实表型性状进行多样性研究。结果显示:(1)毛榛果实表型性状多样性丰富,7个质量性状的遗传多样性指数变化范围为0.086~1.087,坚果颜色和果基形状的H′值均高于0.8;有14个数量性状的变异系数大于10%,果仁质量的变异系数最大为39.98%。(2)17个数量性状之间有较高程度的相关性,果仁质量与坚果三径等11个性状呈极显著正相关,可通过果仁性状来筛选毛榛优良单株。(3)主成分分析表明第1主成分的贡献率最高为48.301%,主要反映坚果质量和果仁大小指标;第2主成分的贡献率为18.394%,主要反映果仁饱满度指标;前4个主成分的累计贡献率为84.045%。(4)聚类分析将58份毛榛资源分为3类,第1类坚果和果仁质量大,出仁率高、果壳薄,果仁饱满,适合选育大果品种;第2、3类坚果和果仁质量居中,出仁率较高,壳仁间隙较小,果仁饱满,可作为遗传改良的优良资源。综上分析,黑龙江省毛榛果实表型性状多样性丰富,育种选择潜力大,可为野生毛榛优良种质筛选和品种选育提供理论依据。This study aims to reveal the variation characteristics and diversity of fruit phenotypic traits of Corylus mandshurica germplasm resources in Heilongjiang,and provides basis for resource evaluation and excavation of fine germplasm resources of C.mandshurica.Using the methods of variation analysis,correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis,this paper studied the diversity of 7 quality traits,17 quantitative traits and 24 fruit phenotypic traits of 58 germplasm resources of C.mandshurica from 9 geographical provenance in Heilongjiang Province.The results showed that the diversity of phenotypic characters of C.mandshurica fruit was rich,the variation range of genetic diversity index of 7 quality characters was 0.086-1.087,the variation of nut color and fruit base shape were higher than 0.8.The coefficient of variation of 14 quantitative characters was more than 10%,and the maximum coefficient of variation of kernel quality was 39.98%.The results of correlation analysis showed that there was a high degree of correlation between 17 quantitative traits,and there was a very significant positive correlation between kernel quality and 11 personality traits such as nut three diameter.The excellent single plant of C.mandshurica can be screened by kernel traits.Principal component analysis showed that the highest contribution rate of the first principal component was 48.301%,which mainly reflected the indexes of nut quality and nut size.The contribution rate of the second principal component was 18.394%,which mainly reflected the plumpness index of nuts.The cumulative contribution rate of the first four principal components was 84.045%.The 58 resources of C.mandshurica were divided into three categories by cluster analysis.The first category has high quality nuts and nuts,high kernel yield,thin shell and full nuts,which is suitable for breeding large fruit varieties;Category 2 and 3 nuts and kernels have medium quality,high kernel yield,small shell kernel gap and full kernels,which can be used as

关 键 词：毛榛 果实 表型性状 多样性 

分 类 号：S664.4[农业科学—果树学]