高效渗滤介质径流污染物淋溶特性研究进展  

Research Progress on Leaching Characteristics of Runoff Pollutants in Highly Efficient Infiltration Media

作　　者：彭昕竺 蒋春博 李家科[1] PENG Xinzhu;JIANG Chunbo;LI Jiake(State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China,Xi'an University of Technology,Xi'an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2021年第11期195-204,共10页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52000150)。

摘　　要：低影响开发(LID)/绿色基础设施(GI)在缓解城市内涝、改善城市水环境和水生态方面发挥着重要作用,经济、高效的填料/介质又是设施功能发挥的决定性因素之一。由于LID设施受到间歇性暴雨径流冲击,水力/污染负荷时空变异性强,同时填料的改良(提高了下渗能力、污染物净化能力,丰富了生物多样性等)和长期运行也会增加污染物淋溶的风险。且针对LID系统污染物溶出行为、溶出机制及环境风险评估等问题目前尚缺乏系统试验及模型研究。该文总结了典型LID设施(绿色屋顶、生物滞留池、人工雨水渗井)结构组成和填料特性;明晰了LID设施功能强化和长期运行条件下的潜在风险,识别了系统填料污染物淋溶特征、形成机制及其主控因子;从数学经验模型和模拟软件角度分析了径流污染物在典型LID设施填料中的迁移归趋机制。Low impact development(LID)/green infrastructure(GI)plays an important role in alleviating urban waterlogging,improving urban water environment and water ecology.Economical and efficient filling/medium is also one of the decisive factors for the function of facilities.As LID facilities are impacted by intermittent storm runoff,there is strong temporal and spatial variability of hydraulic/pollution load.Meanwhile,the improvement of fillers(improving infiltration capacity,pollutant purification capacity,enriching biodiversity,etc)and long-term operation will also increase the risk of pollutant leaching.In addition,there is a lack of systematic tests and model studies on the leaching behavior,leaching mechanism and environmental risk assessment of pollutants in LID system.This study summarized the structure composition and packing characteristics of typical LID facilities(green roof,bio-retention,artificial rain seepage well).It clarified the potential risks under the condition of LID facility function enhancement and long-term operation,and identified the leaching characteristics,formation mechanism and main control factors of filler pollutants in the system.This paper also analyzes the migration and trend mechanism of runoff pollutants in typical LID facilities from the perspective of mathematical empirical model and simulation software.

关 键 词：低影响开发 渗滤介质 长期运行 污染物淋溶 迁移归趋 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]