丝素蛋白纤维提取技术的研究  

Study on extraction of silk fibroin fiber

作　　者：冯燕萍 董志红 张颖[3] 程丽佳[2] 唐璐[4] 归艳华 FENG Yanping;DONG Zhihong;ZHANG Ying;CHENG Lijia;TANG Lu;GUI Yanhua(School of Mechanical Engineering,Chengdu University,Chengdu 610106,China;School of Preclinical Medicine,Chengdu University,Chengdu 610106,China;Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics,Chengdu 610051,China;Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University,Chengdu 610081,China;Sichuan Innovation Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610213,China)

机构地区：[1]成都大学机械工程学院,成都610106 [2]成都大学基础医学院,成都610106 [3]四川抗菌素工业研究所,成都610051 [4]成都大学附属医院,成都610081 [5]亿诺森生物科技有限公司,成都610213

出　　处：《丝绸》2022年第4期9-15,共7页Journal of Silk

基　　金：成都市科技局技术创新研发项目(2021-YF0501871-SN);成都市卫健委医学科研项目(2021059)。

摘　　要：丝素蛋白(SF)以其优异的性能,如较好的生物相容性、生物降解性和机械性能等,被广泛应用于生物医学领域。天然的SF需要经过脱胶处理(去除蚕丝中的丝胶)方可获得,不同的脱胶方法和工艺参数会对SF结构和性能产生不同的影响,选择合理的高效脱胶工艺方法,为制备生物医用材料提供较高性能的SF。本研究从化学、物理和生物技术几方面论述了蚕丝脱胶的方法,包括碱性、酸性、高温高压(HTHP)、超声波、微波和酶处理等,阐述了SF纤维的提取技术,以期获得高纯度、表面光滑、可降解性好和机械性能优异的SF,制备出SF新型材料,为SF在生物医用材料领域的应用提供较好的前期研究基础。Silk fibroin(SF)is used in various fields,such as air sensing,filtration and biomedical engineering fields,especially in biomedicine.SF has good biocompatibility and low immunogenicity,which prevents rejection and inflammation in human body.At the same time,it exhibits good biodegradability,certain hydrophobicity and permeability,which may improve cell adhesion and proliferation.Besides,it is widely used in wound,nerve,bone and cartilage repair for its good mechanical properties.To obtain the ideal SF,the natural SF containing sericin and a small amount of impurities needs to be degummed.The purpose of this paper is to summarize different extraction methods for degumming treatment.SF with different structures can be obtained by reasonably selecting process parameters,which provides some guidance for the application of SF in biomedical materials.In this paper,different degumming methods and technological parameters are studied.The degumming methods of silk are discussed from three aspects of chemistry,physics and biotechnology,including alkaline,acidic,HTHP,ultrasonic,microwave and enzyme treatment.Take sodium carbonate in alkali degumming as an example,in the process of degumming,sodium carbonate can react with sericin to dissolve it,so as to obtain SF.However,different degumming methods and degumming parameters,including concentration,temperature,pH,degumming time and pressure value,can destroy SF structure and affect its performance.The selection of relatively good degumming methods and parameters is the key to obtaining high performance.By comparing with other degumming methods,it is found that the artificial enzyme degumming scheme can obtain SF with better structure,smooth surface and better mechanical properties.It provides a good preliminary research foundation for the application of SF in the field of preparation of new biomedical materials.This article is expected to provide a reasonable comprehensive reference for the selection and optimization of silk degumming processes,as well as the control and impr

关 键 词：丝素蛋白纤维 丝胶蛋白 脱胶方法 生物医用材料 机械性能 

分 类 号：TS102.33[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]