土壤硝化作用对多花黑麦草补偿性生长的影响  

Effect of soil nitrification on compensatory growth of Lolium multiflorum

作　　者：姬玉梅[1] 王晓凌[2] 汪松 王永刚[1] JI Yumei;WANG Xiaoling;WANG Song;WANG Yonggang(Hebi City Key Laboratory of Green Food Deep Processing,Hebi Polytechnic,Hebi 458030,China;College of Agriculture,Henan University of Science and Technology,Ljioyang 471003,China)

机构地区：[1]鹤壁职业技术学院鹤壁市绿色食品深加工重点实验室,河南鹤壁458030 [2]河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳471003

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2022年第5期89-93,100,共6页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U1304326);河南省科学委员会优秀青年基金会项目(174100510004);鹤壁职业技术学院科研项目(2020-KJYB-017)。

摘　　要：为了探测根际土壤硝化作用对多花黑麦草(Lolium multiflorum)去叶后再生的影响,以揭示牧草的补偿性生长机制,试验通过向土壤中添加3,4-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐(DMPP)来抑制多花黑麦草再生期间的土壤硝化作用,设不加DMPP未去叶、去叶1次、去叶2次的B0、B1、B2处理,和加DMPP未去叶、去叶1次、去叶2次的D0、D1、D2处理,共6个处理,于再生期的第0,7,14天测定多花黑麦草的生物量,第0,5,10天测定净光合速率(P;)、气孔导度(G;)和蒸腾速率(T;),以及根际土壤和非根际土壤的硝态氮、铵态氮及硝化速率。结果表明:在再生期的第14天,B1处理多花黑麦草的总生物量显著高于B0处理(P<0.05),D1与D0处理之间差异不显著(P>0.05),而D2处理显著低于D0处理(P<0.05)。在再生期的第10天,B1处理P;显著高于B0、B2处理(P<0.05),D1、D2、D0处理之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。B1、B2处理的多花黑麦草分别发生了超补偿性生长和等补偿性生长,而D1、D2处理的多花黑麦草分别发生了等补偿和欠补偿性生长。向土壤添加DMPP会抑制土壤的硝化作用,引起根际土壤硝化速率的降低,由此导致根际土壤硝态氮含量的降低,进而使叶片的光合作用受到抑制,并对多花黑麦草的补偿性生长产生不利的影响,而非根际土壤各处理间硝态氮含量差异不显著(P>0.05)。在再生期第10天,B0、B1、B2处理根际土壤中的铵态氮含量与D1、D2、D0处理差异不显著(P>0.05),D2处理非根际土壤中的铵态氮含量显著高于B0、B1处理(P<0.05)。说明通过影响根际土壤硝态氮的集聚,土壤根际硝化作用对多花黑麦草的补偿性生长起着关键性的作用。In order to investigate the effect of rhizosphere soil nitrification on the regeneration of Lolium multiflorum after defoliation and to reveal the compensatory growth mechanism of the forage grass, in this experiment, 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate(DMPP) was added to the soil for the inhibition of soil nitrification during regeneration of Lolium multiflorum. Six treatments were set. The treatments B0, B1, and B2 did not add DMPP with not removing leaves, removing leaves once, and removing leaves twice respectively, and the treatments D0, D1, and D2 added DMPP without removing leaves, removing leaves once, and removing leaves twice respectively. The biomass of Lolium multiflorum was determined on days 0, 7, and 14 of the regeneration period;the net photosynthetic rate(P;), stomatal conductance(G;) and transpiration rate(T;), as well as nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and nitrification rate of rhizosphere soil and non-rhizosphere soil were measured on the 0 th, 5 th and 10 th day. The results showed that on the 14 th day of the regeneration period, the total biomass of Lolium multiflorum in the B1 treatment was significantly higher than that in the B0 treatment(P<0.05);the difference between the D1 and D0 treatments was not significant(P>0.05), while the D2 treatment was significantly lower than the D0 treatment(P<0.05). On the 10 th day of the regeneration period, the P;of B1 treatment was significantly higher than that of B0, B2(P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between D1, D2 and D0 treatment(P>0.05). Lolium multiflorum in the B1 treatment showed super-compensatory growth, and Lolium multiflorum in the B2 treatment had equal-compensatory growth;Lolium multiflorum in the D1 and D2 treatment had equal-compensatory and under-compensatory growth, respectively. Adding DMPP to the soil would inhibit the nitrification of the soil, which would lead to a decrease in the nitrification rate of the rhizosphere soil, resulting in a decrease in the nitrate nitrogen content of the rhizosphere soil, and inhi

关 键 词：多花黑麦草 根际土壤硝化作用 修剪 土壤硝态氮 光合速率 补偿性生长 

分 类 号：S812.2[农业科学—草业科学] S543.6[农业科学—畜牧学]