基于地理信息系统的广西壮族自治区出生缺陷空间分析  

Spatial analysis on birth defects in Guangxi based on geographic information system

作　　者：彭振仁 韦洁 陈碧艳[1] 黄秀宁 宋鹏书 梁丽芳 韦慧[1] 丘小霞[1] 梁军荣[1] 何升[1] Peng Zhenren;Wei Jie;Chen Biyan;Huang Xiuning;Song Pengshu;Liang Lifang;Wei Hui;Qiu Xiaoxia;Liang Junrong;He Sheng(The Maternal&Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Guangxi Birth Defects Research and Prevention Institute,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defects Research and Prevention,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Birth Defect Prevention,Nanning 530000,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院,广西出生缺陷预防控制研究所,广西出生缺陷防治基础研究重点实验室,广西生殖健康与出生缺陷防治重点实验室,广西南宁530000

出　　处：《疾病监测》2022年第2期262-268,共7页Disease Surveillance

基　　金：广西卫生健康委员会自筹课题(No.Z20210056);广西医疗卫生适宜技术开发与推广应用(No.S201613,No.S201614);国家重点研发计划(No.2018YFC1002501,No.2019YFC012190)。

摘　　要：目的 探索广西壮族自治区(广西)出生缺陷发病的空间分布特征,为出生缺陷防控策略和措施的制订提供科学依据。方法 建立2016-2020年广西出生缺陷空间数据库,利用克里金插值生成广西出生缺陷发病水平图,对发病率进行趋势面分析、空间自相关分析和热点分析。结果 趋势面分析显示,出生缺陷发生率在由西向东及由北向南均呈先上升后下降的变化趋势;全局空间自相关分析显示,出生缺陷发生率在空间上呈正相关分布(Moran’s I=0.308,Z=6.066,P<0.001);局部空间自相关分析显示,出生缺陷发生率在空间分布上存在高–高值聚集区域(Z>1.96,P<0.05)和高–低值聚集区域(Z<-1.96,P<0.05);热点分析显示,出生缺陷发生率在空间分布上存在热点地区(Z>1.65,P<0.10)和冷点地区(Z<-1.65,P<0.10)。结论 广西出生缺陷发病具有明显的空间分布规律,存在局部高发县(区),应重点加强这些县(区)的出生缺陷防控。Objective To understand the spatial distribution of the incidence of birth defects in Guangxi, and provide scientific evidences for the prevention and control of birth defects. Methods The spatial database of birth defects of Guangxi from 2016 to 2020 was established and used for the spatial analyses. The Kriging interpolation was used to plot the map of birth defects in Guangxi. And then the trend surface analysis, spatial autocorrelation analysis and hotspot analysis were conducted to understand the spatial distribution of the incidence of birth defects. Results The trend surface analysis showed that the incidence of birth defects increased first and then decreased from west to east and from north to south. The global spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that there was a positive spatial autocorrelation in the incidence of birth defects(Moran’s I=0.308, Z=6.066, P<0.001). The local spatial autocorrelation analysis indicated that the incidence of birth defects showed High-High and High-Low spatial clustering patterns(Z>1.96, P<0.05) in Guangxi. The hot spot analysis showed that the incidence of birth defects had both hot spots and cold spots(Z>1.65, P<0.10) in Guangxi. Conclusion The obvious spatial distribution of the incidence of birth defects was observed in Guangxi, and the incidences were high in some counties or districts. So, it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of birth defects in these areas.

关 键 词：出生缺陷 地理信息系统 克里金插值 趋势面分析 空间自相关分析 热点分析 

分 类 号：R211[医药卫生—中医学] R174.6