社区中老年人骨质疏松与轻度认知障碍的相关性分析  

Correlation between osteoporosis and mild cognitive impairment in middle-aged and elderly people in community

作　　者：谭坦 孙建岭 王丽丽 孙平[4] 李斐斐[5,6] 綦斐 胡文超[7] 汪照国 段海平 李栋[1,8] TAN Tan;SUN Jian-ling;WANG Li-li;SUN Ping;LI Fei-fei;QI Fei;HU Wen-chao;WANG Zhao-guo;DUAN Hai-ping;LI Dong(School of Public Health and Health Management,Shandong First Medical University(Shandong A cade my of Medical Sciences),Tai'an,Shandong Province 271016,China)

机构地区：[1]山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院)公共卫生与健康管理学院,山东省泰安271016 [2]山东省青岛市中心医院 [3]山东省青岛国际旅行卫生保健中心(青岛海关口岸门诊部) [4]山东省青岛市精神卫生中心 [5]山东省青岛市疾病预防控制中心,山东省青岛266033 [6]山东省青岛市预防医学研究院,山东省青岛266033 [7]山东大学齐鲁医院山东第一医科大学(山东省医学科学院)公共卫生与健康管理学院,山东省泰安271016 [8]山东第一医科大学第二附属医院,山东省泰安271000

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2022年第2期107-111,共5页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(81703292);青岛市医疗卫生优秀人才培养项目(20190947);齐鲁卫生与健康领军人才培育工程(202003)。

摘　　要：目的探讨社区中老年人骨质疏松与轻度认知障碍之间的相关性,为预防和延缓轻度认知障碍提供依据。方法于2018年8月采用整群随机抽样的方法选取青岛市城阳区2个社区中≥50岁的867名中老年人作为调查对象。所有调查对象均进行问卷调查和骨密度检查。采用蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评估中老年人的认知功能状况。使用SPSS26.0统计软件进行χ^(2)检验、单因素和多因素logistic回归分析。使用Stata 16.0统计软件分析骨密度水平与轻度认知障碍发生风险的剂量反应关系。结果研究对象中458人患轻度认知障碍(52.83%),340人患骨质疏松,患病率为39.22%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,调整协变量后,骨质疏松(OR=1.389,95%CI:1.021~1.888)和不补充维生素D(OR=2.573,95%CI:1.196~5.536)与轻度认知障碍高风险相关,较高的家庭年收入(10~15万元OR=0.611,95%CI:0.435~0.856;>15万元OR=0.378,95%CI:0.197~0.726)及较高的文化程度(初中OR=0.357,95%CI:0.261~0.490;高中及以上OR=0.162,95%CI:0.087~0.300)与轻度认知障碍低风险相关,亚组分析结果显示,骨质疏松对<65岁(OR=1.836,95%CI:1.147~2.940)、女性(OR=1.496,95%CI:1.024~2.185)社区居民轻度认知障碍的影响更为显著。结论骨质疏松与轻度认知障碍显著相关,早期评估中老年人骨密度水平,加强健康教育并积极治疗骨质疏松对认知功能有重要意义。Objective To explore the correlation between osteoporosis and mild cognitive impairment in middle-aged and elderly people in the community,and provide the reference for the prevention and delay of mild cognitive impairment.Methods In August2018,the cluster sampling method was used to select 867 middle-aged and elderly people(≥50 years old)in two communities of Chengyang District in Qingdao as the subjects.The investigation was performed with the questionnaire and bone density examination.The cognitive function of the middle-aged and elderly people was evaluated by Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA).Theχ^(2)test,univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyze the data,the used software was SPSS 26.0.The dose-response relationship between bone density and the risk of mild cognitive impairment was analyzed using Stata 16.0 statistical software.Results Among the subjects,458 cases(52.83%)suffered from mild cognitive impairment,340 cases(39.22%)suffered from osteoporosis.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting the covariates,osteoporosis(OR=1.389,95%CI:1.021-1.888)and not taking vitamin D supplements(OR=2.573,95%CI:1.196-5.536)were related to high risk of mild cognitive impairment.The higher family annual income(100000-150000 yuan OR=0.611,95%CI:0.435-0.856;>150000 yuan OR=0.378,95%CI:0.197-0.726)and higher education level(middle school OR=0.357,95%CI:0.261-0.490,≥high school OR=0.162,95%CI:0.087-0.300)were related to lower risk of mild cognitive impairment.Subgroup analysis indicated that the effect of osteoporosis on mild cognitive impairment was more significant in<65 years old subjects(OR=1.836,95%CI:1.147-2.940)and female subjects(OR=1.496,95%CI:1.024-2.185).Conclusion Osteoporosis is significantly correlated with mild cognitive impairment.Early assessment of bone density in middle-aged and elderly people,strengthening health education and active treatment of osteoporosis are of great significance for the cognitive function.

关 键 词：骨质疏松 认知障碍 中老年人 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]