CO_(2)震源的槽波勘探现场实验及前景讨论  

Field experiment and prospect discussion of in-seam seismic survey for CO_(2) source

作　　者：王勃[1,2,3] 刘盛东 孙华超[2] 邢世雨 章俊[1] 丁昕 龚震 WANG Bo;LIU Shengdong;SUN Huachao;XING Shiyu;ZHANG Jun;DING Xin;GONG Zhen(State Key Laboratory of Deep Geomechanics&Underground Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou221116,China;School of Resource and Earth Science,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou221116,China;School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering,China Univer-sity of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou221116,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室,江苏徐州221116 [2]中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院,江苏徐州221116 [3]中国矿业大学力学与土木工程学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《煤炭学报》2022年第2期906-914,共9页Journal of China Coal Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(42174165,41974149);国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(41604082)。

摘　　要：震源是地震记录的源头,是地震勘探的关键部分,直接影响地震信号质量,常规炸药震源在高瓦斯矿井受到了十分严格的管制,因此,亟需研究适合于矿井地震勘探的新型震源。基于此,在突出矿井中厚煤层工作面开展了新型CO_(2)震源的槽波勘探实验,基于理论计算、数值模拟及现场实测等方法,进行了新型CO_(2)震源激发地震信号的运动学及动力学特性研究,结果表明:在异巷激发-接收透射勘探及同巷激发-接收透射勘探地震剖面上均出现典型的纵波、横波及槽波,其中槽波主频最高,振幅能量最强;异巷激发-接收的透射槽波频宽为200~350 Hz,槽波埃里震相约为260 Hz,同巷激发-接收的透射槽波振幅能量集中在250~450 Hz,槽波埃里震相约为280 Hz;2 kg液态CO_(2)震源理论能量超过140 g的TNT当量;因此,CO_(2)震源激发下地震信号的频率及振幅满足矿井地震勘探需求。相对于巷帮激发的炸药震源而言,CO_(2)震源集中力源的激发方式有利于槽波发育,以及CO_(2)震源具有深孔激发的优势,避开了巷道及围岩松动圈的影响,定向聚能作用于煤。同时,CO_(2)震源激发具有方向性,利用CO_(2)震源聚能方向性优势进行构造精细勘探是下一步重点研究方向;CO_(2)相变致裂技术常被用于煤层卸压增透,借用CO_(2)震源有望实现对掘进工作面前方的瓦斯富集异常、应力变化异常的随掘随探。Seismic source is the source of seismic records and the key part of seismic exploration, which directly affects the quality of seismic signal. Conventional explosive source is strictly controlled in high gas mine. Therefore, it is urgent to study new seismic source for seismic exploration in the mine. Based on this, in-seam seismic survey of a new type of CO_(2) source was carried out in medium thick coal seam working face of outburst mine. Based on the methods of theoretical calculation, numerical simulation and field measurement, the kinematic and dynamic characteristics of seismic signals excited by a new type of CO_(2) source are studied, the results showed that: typical P-wave, S-wave and channel wave appear in the seismic sections of different roadway excitation receiving transmission detection and same roadway excitation receiving transmission detection, among which the main frequency of channel wave is the highest and the amplitude energy is the strongest;The frequency width of transmitted channel wave excited and received by different roadways is about 200-350 Hz, and the Airy phase is about 260 Hz;The amplitude energy of transmitted channel wave excited and received in the same roadway is concentrated in 250-450 Hz, and the Airy phase is about 280 Hz;The theoretical energy of 2 kg liquid CO_(2) source exceeds the equivalent to the TNT of 140 g. Therefore, the frequency and amplitude characteristics of CO_(2) source meet the needs of mine seismic exploration. Compared with explosive source excited in the roadway side, the excitation mode of concentrated force source of CO_(2) source is beneficial to the development of channel wave, and CO_(2) source has the advantage of deep borehole excitation, avoiding the influence of roadway and surrounding rock loose zone, and directional energy accumulation on coal seam. At the same time, CO_(2) source excitation has directionality, and it is the next key research direction to make use of the directional advantage of CO_(2) source energy accumulation to carry out s

关 键 词：CO 震源 槽波勘探 深孔激发 定向聚能 方向激发 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]