2017—2019年福建省人群土源性线虫感染现状及防治效果  

Current status and control effect of soil-transmitted nematode infections in human population of Fujian Province from 2017 to 2019

作　　者：陈云虹 谢汉国[1] 谢贤良[1] 江典伟[1] 张榕燕 CHEN Yun-hong;XIE Han-guo;XIE Xian-liang;JIANG Dian-wei;ZHANG Rong-yan(Fujian Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Fuzhou 350001,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省疾病预防控制中心,福州350001

出　　处：《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》2022年第1期84-87,93,共5页Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases

基　　金：中国科技部基础平台项目(2019-194-30);福建省科技创新平台建设项目(2019Y2001)。

摘　　要：目的了解福建省人群土源性线虫感染现状与防治成果,为制订土源性线虫病的传播控制与阻断标准提供科学依据。方法根据《全国肝吸虫病和土源性线虫病监测方案(试行)》要求,2017—2019年,在福建省10个市的29个监测点,每个监测点按地理方位划分为东、西、南、北、中5个片区,每个片区抽取1个乡(镇)的1个行政村为调查点,每个行政村整群抽取3周岁以上常住居民不少于200人,每个监测点不少于1000人。收集调查对象的粪样,采用改良加藤厚涂片法(Kato-Katz)(一粪二检)镜检粪样中的虫卵,计算感染率和感染度。采用试管滤纸培养法鉴定钩虫种类。感染率的比较采用卡方检验。结果共检查30614人,检出土源性线虫感染326例,总感染率为1.1%。其中,钩虫、鞭虫和蛔虫的感染率分别为1.0%(295/30614)、0.1%(28/30614)和0.0%(3/30614)。2017—2019年,福建省人体土源性线虫感染率分别为1.3%(130/9668)、1.0%(109/10417)和0.8%(87/10529),呈逐年下降的趋势,各年度间感染率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=12.79,P<0.01)。10个地级市中,感染率居前3位的分别为三明(3.5%,154/4343)、平潭(2.0%,22/1113)和南平(1.6%,49/3054);其余7个市的感染率均小于1.0%。钩虫感染者中,轻、中、重度感染者分别占71.5%(211/295)、26.4%(78/295)和2.0%(6/295);28例鞭虫感染者中,轻、中度感染者分别占85.7%(24/28)和14.3%(4/28);3例蛔虫感染者中,2例为轻度感染,1例为中度感染。未发现鞭虫和蛔虫重度感染者。男性、女性感染率分别为0.8%(139/14782)、1.1%(187/15832),二者差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.12,P<0.05);≥65岁年龄组人群的感染率最高,为3.2%(171/5373),不同年龄组人群感染率随着年龄的增长而升高(Z=30.32,P<0.01);农民的感染率最高,为1.8%(289/15644),不同职业人群感染率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=187.91,P<0.01);文盲人群的感染率最高,为1.5%(113/7351),不同文化程度人群感染率随文化Objective To understand the current prevalence and control outcomes of soil-transmitted nematode(STN)in Fujian Province to provide scientific basis for and formulating the standard criteria of transmission control and transmission interruption.Methods According to the National Clonorchiasis and Soil-borne Nematode Surveillance Program(provisional version),29 surveillance sites were selected from 10 cities in Fujian Province from 2017 to 2019.Each surveillance site includes 5 areas evenly distributed geographically in the east,south,west,north and middle,from which one administrative village from one township(town)was selected as the survey site.No less than 200 permanent residents aged 3-years or above were selected from each administrative village.Fecal samples were collected from the enrolled residents and were examined for STN eggs(two slide-reading per sample)using the modified Kato-Katz thick smear method to microscopically estimate infection rate and intensity.The hookworm species was identified by test-tube filter paper incubation.The infection rate between groups was compared by Chi-square test.Results A total of 30614 local residents were examined for STN infection,showing 326 positives,with an overall infection rate 1.1%.The infection rates of hookworm,Trichuris trichiura and Ascaris lumbricoides were 1.2%(295/30614),0.1%(28/30614)and 0.0%(3/30614),respectively.The STN infection rate in 2017—2019 was 1.3%(130/9668),1.0%(109/10417)and 0.8%(87/10529),respectively,showing a yearly decreasing trend,with significant differences between the years(χ^(2)=12.79,P<0.01).Among the ten cities,Sanming,Pingtan and Nanping had the highest infection rates of 13.5%(154/4343),2.0%(22/1113)and 1.6%(49/3054),respectively.The remaining seven cities had infection rates of less than 1.0%.Among the 295 hookworm infected cases,71.5%(211/295)were mild infection,26.4%(78/295)were moderate and 2.0%(6/295)were severe.Among the 28 T.trichiura infected cases,85.7%(24/28)were mild and 14.3%(4/28)were moderate.Among the 3 A.lumbrico

关 键 词：土源性线虫 感染 监测 福建省 

分 类 号：R532[医药卫生—内科学]