鱼腥草叶片甲醇浸提液对瓜列当和向日葵列当种子萌发的诱导  

Germination Stimulation of Orobanche aegyptiaca and Orobanche cernua var.cumana by Houttuynia cordata

作　　者：赵娜娜[1] 王盼盼 冯佳楠 ZHAO Na-na;WANG Pan-pan;FENG Jia-nan(College of Agriculture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2022年第4期51-54,共4页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2017D01B16);教育部农作物生物灾害综合治理重点实验室/农业部华东作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室开放基金(2019)。

摘　　要：列当属杂草对新疆地区的加工番茄、向日葵、西甜瓜等经济作物造成严重危害。为促进列当种子“自杀发芽”物质的化学合成,本研究探索了鱼腥草叶片甲醇浸提液对两种列当种子萌发的诱导效果。结果表明:鱼腥草对列当种子的萌发刺激作用表现为“低促高抑”效应。不同产地的鱼腥草对两种列当种子萌发的影响不同,广西产鱼腥草的甲醇提取物在浓度为3570.000μg·mL^(-1)时,瓜列当种子的发芽率最高(65.38%);四川产鱼腥草甲醇提取物则是在浓度为8.925μg·mL^(-1)时,瓜列当种子的发芽率最高(89.18%)。广西产鱼腥草在浓度为0.450μg·mL^(-1)时,向日葵列当种子的发芽率最高(85.39%);四川产鱼腥草在浓度为8.925μg·mL^(-1)时,向日葵列当种子的发芽率最高(77.57%)。综合分析表明鱼腥草可以作为诱捕植物诱导瓜列当和向日葵列当种子“自杀式萌发”。Orobanche aegyptiaca and Orobanche cernua var.cumana cause serious harm to the processing tomato,sunflower,watermelon,muskmelon and other main economic crops in Xinjiang.Methanol extracts of Houttuynia cordata leaves from Guangxi and Sichuan were used as experimental materials,to evaluated induction effect of seed germination of O.aegyptiaca and O.cernua var.cumana and to lay a foundation for the chemical synthesis of“suicide germination”substances.The results showed that the stimulating effect of methanol extract of H.cordata on the germination of seeds was"low promoting and high inhibiting".When the concentration of methanol extract of H.cordata from Sichuan was 8.925μg·mL^(-1),the germination rate of seeds of O.aegyptiaca and O.cernua var.cumana were the highest,89.18%and 77.57%,respectively.When the concentration of methanol extract of H.cordata from Guangxi was 3570.000μg·mL^(-1),the germination rate of O.aegyptiaca seeds was the highest,which was 65.38%;At the concentration 0.450μg·mL^(-1),the germination rate of O.cernua var.cumana seeds was the highest,which was 85.39%.In conclusion,H.cordata can be used as a trapping plant to induce suicide germination of O.aegyptiaca and O.cernua var.cumana seeds.

关 键 词：鱼腥草 瓜列当 向日葵列当 种子萌发 

分 类 号：R28[医药卫生—中药学]