轮作和连作下大豆产量性状的QTL分析  

QTL Analysis of Soybean Yield Traits under Crop Rotation and Continuous Cropping

作　　者：王楠 袁宝琪 刘文博 姚兴东[1] 于翠梅[1] 谢甫绨[1] WANG Nan;YUAN Bao-qi;LIU Wen-bo;YAO Xing-dong;YU Cui-mei;XIE Fu-ti(College of Agronomy,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学农学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2022年第1期83-88,共6页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅重点项目(LJKZ0630);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300203-2)。

摘　　要：大豆是我国主要农作物之一,含有较丰富的蛋白质及脂肪。随着国家经济水平高速发展,人民生活水平不断提高,对大豆的需求量不断增加。受制于种植面积与连作障碍,大豆产量偏低,耐连作品种的选育成为亟待解决的问题。QTL定位是探究大豆连作条件下产量及其构成因素遗传机理的有效手段,是分子标记辅助选育耐连作品种的基础。大豆产量性状属于多基因控制的数量性状,由单株荚数、单株粒数、百粒重等性状组成。利用耐连作品种辽豆14与连作障碍品种铁豆46杂交,采用单粒传法获得了138株F6代重组自交系(RIL),于2017~2018年在沈阳农业大学试验田,设置轮作和连作两种方式。结合产量及其相关构成因素的表型数据和由SSR分子标记获得的基因型数据,共定位到34个产量相关性状的QTL,解释了表型变异的7.68%~95.42%。其中控制主茎荚数的QTL有4个,均在2017年检测到,表型贡献率13.28%~16.54%,加性效应4.61~14.26。在连作和轮作栽培方式下都可以检测到的一致性QTL有2个,分别是控制1粒荚数的qOspn-D1b-3,平均解释了表型变异的36.02%,加性效应13.05;控制1粒荚数的qOspn-D1b-1,平均解释了表型变异的20.21%,加性效应8.345。研究结果为探究大豆耐连作基因遗传机理奠定基础,为分子标记辅助选择耐连作大豆品种提供理论依据。Soybean is one of the main crops in our country,and it is rich in protein and oil resources.With the rapid development of the national economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards,the demand for soybeans continues to increase.Restricted by the planting area and continuous cropping obstacles,the yield of soybeans is low,and the selection and breeding of continuous cropping varieties became an urgent problem to be solved.QTL mapping is an effective method to explore the genetic mechanism of soybean yield and its constituent factors in continuous cropping system,and is the basis for molecular marker-assisted selection of continuous-tolerant varieties.Soybean yield traits were quantitative traits controlled by multiple genes,which consisted of the number of pods per plant,the number of seeds per plant,and the weight of 100 seeds.This experiment obtained 138 F6 recombinant inbred lines(RIL),which were planted in the experimental site of Shenyang Agricultural University in 2017 and 2018 in two cultivation syetems of continuous cropping and rotation.Combining the phenotypic data of yield and related components with the genotype data obtained from SSR molecular markers,34 QTLs for yield-related traits were co-mapped,explaining 7.68%-95.42%of the phenotypic variation.Among them,4 QTLs controlling the number of main stem pods were detected in 2017,with a phenotypic contribution rate of 13.28%-16.54%and an additive effect of 4.61-14.26.There are 2 consistent QTLs that could be detected in continuous cropping and rotation systems,namely qOspn-D1b-3,which controlled the number of pods with one seed,and explained 36.02%of the phenotypic variation on average with an additive effect of 13.05,and qOspn-D1b-1,which controlled the number of pods with one seed,and explained on average 20.21%of the phenotypic variation with an additive effect of 8.345.The results of this experiment layed a foundation for exploring the genetic mechanism of soybean tolerance to continuous cropping genes,and provided a theoretical

关 键 词：大豆 分子遗传图谱 SSR 数量性状基因座(QTL) 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]