The Melastoma dodecandrum genome and the evolution of Myrtales  

作　　者：Yang Hao Yu-Zhen Zhou Bin Chen Gui-Zhen Chen Zhen-Ying Wen Diyang Zhang Wei-Hong Sun Ding-Kun Liu Jie Huang Jin-Liao Chen Xiao-Qin Zhou Wan-Lin Fan Wen-Chun Zhang Lin Luo Wen-Chao Han Yan Zheng Long Li Peng-Cheng Lu Yue Xing Shu-Ya Liu Jia-Ting Sun Ying-Hui Cao Yan-Ping Zhang Xiao-Ling Shi Sha-Sha Wu Ye Ai Jun-Wen Zhai Si-Ren Lan Zhong-Jian Liu Dong-Hui Peng 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape Architecture,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China [2]Innovation and Application Engineering Technology Research Center of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Resources in Fujian Province,Fuzhou 350002,China

出　　处：《Journal of Genetics and Genomics》2022年第2期120-131,共12页遗传学报（英文版）

基　　金：supports from The Innovation and Application Engineering Technology Research Center of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Resources in Fujian Province (115-PTJH16005);The Plateau Discipline Construction Program of Fujian Province (115712018010);Special Fund for Forest Scientific Research in the Public Welfare (201204604)。

摘　　要：Melastomataceae has abundant morphological diversity with high economic and ornamental merit in Myrtales. The phylogenetic position of Myrtales is still contested. Here, we report the chromosome-level genome assembly of Melastoma dodecandrum in Melastomataceae. The assembled genome size is299.81 Mb with a contig N50 value of 3.00 Mb. Genome evolution analysis indicated that M. dodecandrum,Eucalyptus grandis, and Punica granatum were clustered into a clade of Myrtales and formed a sister group with the ancestor of fabids and malvids. We found that M. dodecandrum experienced four whole-genome polyploidization events: the ancient event was shared with most eudicots, one event was shared with Myrtales, and the other two events were unique to M. dodecandrum. Moreover, we identified MADS-box genes and found that the AP1-like genes expanded, and AP3-like genes might have undergone subfunctionalization. The SUAR63-like genes and AG-like genes showed different expression patterns in stamens, which may be associated with heteranthery. In addition, we found that LAZY1-like genes were involved in the negative regulation of stem branching development, which may be related to its creeping features. Our study sheds new light on the evolution of Melastomataceae and Myrtales, which provides a comprehensive genetic resource for future research.

关 键 词：Melastoma Genome evolution Flower development Heteranthery Flower color Creeping stem 

分 类 号：Q943[生物学—植物学]