国外铀矿勘查钻探技术现状及发展趋势  

Current Situation and Development Trend of Drilling Technology for Uranium Exploration Abroad

作　　者：李博[1] 刘晓阳[1,2] 段志强 LI Bo;LIU Xiaoyang;DUAN Zhiqiang(Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology,CNNC,Beijing 100029,China;Bureau of Geology,CNNC,Beijing 100013,China;Research Institute No.270,CNNC,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330200,China)

机构地区：[1]核工业北京地质研究院,北京100029 [2]中国核工业地质局,北京100013 [3]核工业二七〇研究所,江西南昌330200

出　　处：《世界核地质科学》2022年第1期153-164,共12页World Nuclear Geoscience

基　　金：中国核工业地质局项目“地浸砂岩型铀矿高效取心工艺研究”(编号:地D2107)和“高效低成本勘查技术体系研究”(编号:物D2110)联合资助

摘　　要：钻探工程是铀资源勘查开发的重要技术手段。为了更快、更好地提升我国铀资源勘查钻探技术水平,总结和分析国外铀矿勘查钻探技术现状及发展趋势十分重要。本研究在收集国外主要铀资源国铀矿勘查钻探技术的相关资料基础上,从钻进工艺技术、钻探设备和钻探机具三方面综合分析了国外铀矿勘查钻探技术现状及发展趋势。国外铀资源大国铀矿勘查的钻探工艺采用多工艺组合应用,满足地质人员对不同深度地质体中岩心和岩屑的研究需求,达到经济高效的勘查目的。西方国家铀矿钻探设备以全液压动力头钻机为主,中亚地区国家铀矿钻探以机械立轴钻机为主,利用卷扬机进行长行程人工操作送钻,两类钻机均具有长行程给进的特点。钻探机具标准化程度高,配套系统化,进一步向高效化和轻型化发展。我国铀资源勘查已进入新的发展阶段——第4代勘查技术阶段,建议在了解学习并借鉴国外技术的基础上,结合新一轮铀矿勘查能力建设项目,引进、订制或研制适合国内铀矿勘查的先进钻探设备;推行多工艺组合钻进技术,推进钻杆钻具标准化工作。Drilling engineering is an important technical means for uranium resources exploration and development.In order to promote drilling technology for uranium exploration in China,it is very important to summarize and analyze the current situation development trend of uranium drilling technology abroad.In this paper,the types,characteristics and applicability of drilling technology,drilling equipment and drilling tools for uranium exploration in the foreign countries were summarized and analyzed.Drilling technology abroad adopts multi-technology combination to meet the research needs of geologists for cores and cuttings in different depths which achieve the purpose of economic and efficient exploration.The uranium drilling equipment in the western countries are mainly hydraulic top-head drive rigs,while those in Central Asian countries are mainly mechanical spindle-type core rigs,which are manually operated with long strokes by using hoists.Both kinds of drilling rigs have the characteristics of long stroke feeding.The Drilling tools have a higher degree of standardization and systematization,and are further improved with high efficiency and light-weight.With uranium exploration in China entering the fourth generation exploration technology stage,it is suggested that to introduce,customize or develop advanced drilling equipment suitable for domestic uranium exploration through the new round of uranium exploration capacity building project,carry out multi-technology combination drilling method,promote the standardization of drill pipes and drill tools.

关 键 词：国外铀矿勘查 钻探技术 现状 发展趋势 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]