三峡库区腹地大气氮磷营养盐湿沉降特征  

Characteristics of atmospheric nitrogen and phosphorus in wet deposition in the hinterland of the Three Gorges Reservoir area

作　　者：张六一[1,2] 王佳 叶何聪 李廷真 陆晨东[1] 陈阳 杨复沫 ZHANG Liuyi;WANG Jia;YE Hecong;LI Tingzhen;LU Chendong;CHEN Yang;YANG Fumo(Chongqing Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir Area,Chongqing Three Gorges University,Chongqing,404000,China;CAS Key Laboratory of Reservoir Environment,Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chongqing,400714,China;National Engineering Research Center for Flue Gas Desulfurization,Department of Environmental Science and Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu,610065,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆三峡学院,三峡库区水环境演变与污染防治重庆市重点实验室,重庆404000 [2]中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院水库水环境重点实验室,重庆400714 [3]四川大学环境科学与工程系,国家烟气脱硫工程技术研究中心,成都610065

出　　处：《环境化学》2022年第3期850-861,共12页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：重庆市教委科技计划项目(KJQN202101201)资助.

摘　　要：为探明三峡库区大气营养盐湿沉降特征,在三峡库区腹地设置城区(万州)、郊区(晒经村)和农区(野塘溪)的3个功能区采样点,于2017年1月—12月同步采集湿沉降样品并测定氨氮(NH_(4)^(+)-N)、硝氮(NO_(3)^(−)-N)、亚硝氮(NO_(2)^(−)-N)、可溶性总氮(DTN)和可溶性总磷(DTP)的浓度,分析氮磷营养盐沉降的时空分布、组成特征及其影响因素.三峡库区腹地大气湿沉降中DTN、DTP年均浓度分别为1.09 mg·L^(-1)、3.36μg·L^(-1),其中在DTN中NH_(4)^(+)-N占比最高(62.4%),NO_(2)^(−)-N最低(1.0%).与国内其他研究区域相比,三峡库区腹地氮磷浓度均处于较低水平.区域氮磷浓度均呈现冬季高、夏季低的趋势,且浓度水平均为城区>郊区>农区.万州城区大气氮磷主要来源于化石燃料燃烧以及城市交通排放,郊区和农区则主要受生物质燃烧和施肥的影响.三峡库区腹地DTN沉降通量为16.56 kg·hm^(−2)·a^(−1),其季节分布特征基本为春、夏、秋三季相当,冬季最少;磷沉降通量为50 g·hm^(−2)·a^(−1),表现为秋季最高,冬季最低.四川盆地东部是三峡库区腹地氮磷营养盐的潜在源区之一.In order to investigate the characteristics of atmospheric nutrients in wet deposition in the Three Gorges Reservoir area(TGRA),one-year precipitation samples(from January to December 2017)were collected simultaneously at three functional sampling sites,including urban area(Wanzhou),suburban area(Shaijingcun),and agricultural area(Yetangxi)in the hinterland of the TGRA,and their concentrations of ammonia nitrogen(NH_(4)^(+)-N),nitrate nitrogen(NO_(3)^(-)-N),nitrite nitrogen(NO_(2)^(-)-N),dissolved total nitrogen(DTN),and dissolved total phosphorus(DTP)were determined.The spatiotemporal distribution,composition characteristics and influencing factors of regional nitrogen and phosphorus in wet deposition were analyzed as well.The average annual concentrations of DTN and DTP were 1.09 mg·L^(-1)and 3.36μg·L^(-1),respectively.The concentration of NH_(4)^(+)-N accounted for the highest proportion of DTN(62.4%),while that of NO_(2)^(-)-N was the lowest(1.0%).Compared with other regions in China,the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in the hinterland of the TGRA was at a relatively low level.Both nitrogen and phosphorus showed a temporal trend of higher levels in winter and lower levels in summer,and a spatial distribution from high to low levels of urban>suburban>agricultural areas.The atmospheric nitrogen and phosphorus were mainly from the combustion of fossil fuels and traffic emissions in urban area,whereas they were mainly affected by biomass combustion and fertilization in suburban and agricultural areas.The DTN flux of wet deposition was 16.56 kg·hm^(-2)·a^(-1),of which the fluxes in spring,summer and autumn were comparable,while the lowest flux appeared in winter.The TDP flux was 50 g·hm^(-2)·a^(-1),with the highest in autumn and the lowest in winter.The eastern part of the Sichuan Basin was one of the potential sources of both nitrogen and phosphorus in the hinterland of the TGRA.

关 键 词：降雨 总氮 总磷 时空分布 三峡库区 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]